What distinguishes critical approaches from other communication research is their redefinition of the question of causality and their concern with the ways in which "the control of knowledge.. .is fundamental to the exercise of social power." Critical mass communication research is not a single entity, but rather a range of developing alternative approaches to the study of communication. Within such diverse research areas as international communication, the social implications of new communication technologies, the political economy of communication, the sociology of mass communicators, and cultural studies, researchers have attempted to articulate and implement approaches that address the role of' communication in the exercise of social power. Implicitly, if not in most cases explicitly, these approaches have developed in opposition to liberal/pluralist social theory. Recent attempts to define just exactly what it means to do critical research (14, 17, 23, 24) oversimplify the differences between critical research approaches and other research. These oversimplifications have led to the characterization of the diEerences in terms ofa series of simple dichotomies: empirical versus critical; administrative versus critical;repressive science versus emancipatory science. These dichotomies are insensitive to the diverse range of critical approaches, while at the same time mystifying the complex political and epistemological commitments that underlie and link that diversity.
health sciences, history THE CANADIAN HISTORICAL REVIEW utpjournals.press/chr Offering a comprehensive analysis on the events that have shaped Canada, CHR publishes articles that examine Canadian history from both a multicultural and multidisciplinary perspective.
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