Résumé Dans les pays en développement, deux millions d’enfants de moins de cinq ans décèdent chaque année de maladies hydriques ; faisant de l’accès à l’eau dans les ménages un déterminant de la santé de l’enfant. Le stockage de l’eau à domicile, source de dégradation de la qualité, est de plus en plus pratiqué par les ménages afin de surmonter les difficultés de distribution d’eau potable à Abidjan. En vue de déterminer la salubrité de l’eau de boisson stockée, une enquête sanitaire sur l’accès à l’eau auprès de 669 ménages et des analyses physico-chimiques et bactériologiques d’eau dans un échantillon aléatoire simple de 200 réservoirs ont été menées en milieu périurbain à Abidjan de mai à octobre 2010. Les résultats ont montré que 70 % des ménages étaient branchés au réseau d’adduction d’eau potable et 64 % utilisaient en moyenne 20 litres d’eau par personne et par jour. Les dépenses en eau des ménages non branchés étaient plus élevées que celles des ménages branchés (p < 0,001). Le stockage de l’eau de boisson à domicile était réalisé dans 75,6 % des ménages. Les Coliformes totaux et Escherichia coli ont été retrouvés dans 81 % et 42,5 % des prélèvements d’eau respectivement. La présence de germes a été significativement associée au grand volume et l’absence de couvercle des récipients utilisés. Des recommandations ont été faites pour une meilleure conservation de l’eau à domicile.
Introduction: Rabies is endemic and constitutes a public health problem in Côte d'Ivoire. In the health districts of Kong and Ferkessedougou, exposure to rabies infection reported by the National Institute of Public Hygiene of Ferkessedougou averages 200 cases per year. However, in the involvement of health workers from First Contact Health Establishments (FCHE) of the 2 Districts, the management of exposed persons is unknown. This study aimed to determine the involvement of healthcare personnel in FCHE in the health districts of Ferkessedougou and Kong in the elimination of human rabies. Material and Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study with a descriptive aim which took place from October 21, 2020 to November 20, 2020. The data were collected using a questionnaire and then analyzed with the software EXCEL and Epi Info 3.5.3. Principle Results: It emerged from this study that the average age of the participants was 36.8 years with an average professional seniority of 5.07 years. The majority (73.90%) of healthcare staff have not received training on rabies. However, plenty of healthcare personnel respectively experienced the transmission of the rabies virus from animals to humans (98.60%), with dogs (97.10%) as the main animal vector of rabies to man, the bite (100%) as the way of contamination of rabies, the immediate washing with water and soap (66.70%), the administration of the anti-rabies vaccine (75.4%), the National Institute of Public Hygiene as a reference structure (63.
Malaria, a febrile human disease transmitted by female anopheles whose ecology is linked to water, is a major public health problem in Côte d'Ivoire, more precisely in the Marahoué region located in the southwest of the country. In order to effectively control this disease, it is necessary to understand the etiology and the diffusion pattern of the vectors. This justifies this study, which proposes to determine the areas at risk of malaria transmission in order to carry out an effective fight against this disease in this region of Côte d'Ivoire. To achieve this, a combined approach of geographic information systems and multicriteria analysis was adopted. The analysis reveals that the south and northwest of the Marahoué region present a high risk for malaria transmission. This risk is linked to indicators such as climatic factors that cover 48.36% of the study area, environmental factors such as vegetation cover (NDVI), soil moisture (NDWI), altitude, hydrography (water point) and population that covers 55.29% of the area and land use. Also, the results indicated that 50.70% of the region has favorable conditions for malaria transmission. Overall, climatic and environmental indicators are the risk factors associated with the resurgence of malaria.
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