3The re-scaling of border control and the conflation of migration, crime, and national security in Mexico in the last decade have generated new practices of 'flow management' at the southern border with a differentiated impact on migrants. This chapter draws on research findings on Guatemalan im/migrant 4 women (some of whom have been living in Mexico for generations) to examine the kinds of insecurity they face in daily life as migrants of Mayan origin.5 By engaging with the contextual and specific meanings of in/securities generated by the processes of 'othering' experienced by these migrants, especially those with an irregular status, the chapter focuses on the significance of the politics of everyday life and how in/visibility becomes a strategic field of struggle for them, both to ensure daily well-being and to avoid the risks of being detected and the punitive responses that follow. The chapter proposes that where the concepts of citizenship and rights are unlikely to be satisfied for those who need them most, the analytical lens must shift from a normative understanding of rights to the interface between the practices of border control and migrants' strategies. Understanding in/visibility is introduced as a strategy to help discern the power dynamics that affect their social conditions and the consequences for policy advocacy.
Three new types of traps designed and made by farmers were evaluated for capture of Idiarthron subquadratum Saussure & Pictet. Bag, sack, and fabric traps were compared with previously used bamboo internode traps. A participatory methodology was used involving farmer interviews and workshops to design and make the traps. Farmer participation was useful for obtaining information on perceptions, knowledge, and control activities of I. subquadratum. The bag trap captured a greater number of individuals than the bamboo and fabric traps, but its captures were similar to those of sack trap; captures were similar in bamboo, sack, and fabric traps. When captured individuals were analyzed by stage of development, no significant differences between types of traps were detected for captured adults. The number of individuals captured in the traps showed a similar trend to that counted in nocturnal sampling. A significant positive relationship was detected between numbers of adults captured and the damage of leaves and fruits. Taylor's Power Law indicates that I. subquadratum individuals were more abundant in some traps than in others. With densities greater than five individuals per trap, a smaller number of bag traps was required to estimate the same population compared with the other types of traps. Sampling procedure that used the bag traps had the lowest cost. This study shows that resource-poor coffee, Coffea arabica L., farmers had accumulated knowledge of I. subquadratum based on unpublished data and experience and that they were capable of applying this knowledge to develop an economical and more suitable technology for their conditions.
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