The spontaneous development of thyroid gland volume (TGV) during the first 3 months of life was studied in entirely breast-fed infants (n = 21) and compared to those fed an iodine-supplemented formula (n = 19), an iodine-free formula (n = 5), or partially breast-fed in addition to an iodine-free (n = 4) or an iodine-supplemented formula (n = 16). The TGV of the infants and their mothers was determined sonographically in addition to their urinary iodine concentrations 5-7 days postpartum and 3 months later. In ten additional lactating mothers the breast milk concentrations of thyroid hormones and iodine were determined. It was shown that at 3 months of age an infant consuming about 1000 ml breast milk per day receives about 2 micrograms thyroid hormones and 55 micrograms iodine per day. At the end of their first week of life the infants showed a TGV between 0.28 and 1.5 ml (median 0.61 ml) and a urinary iodine concentration between 0.03 and 16.3 micrograms/dl (median 3.0 micrograms/dl). At 3 months of age the TGV of the breast-fed infants had decreased by a median of 0.24 ml (= -34%; median of percentage changes) whereas those fed a formula without iodine had increased by a median of 0.26 ml (= +50%; median of percentage changes). Those receiving an iodine-supplemented formula showed a TGV reduction of 0.14 ml (= +2%; median of percentage changes). The TGV development of the partially breast-fed infants lay between those being exclusively breast or formula fed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A roundtable presentation at the NCCN 19th Annual Conference focused on the child's experience when a parent has cancer and concluded that honest communication, appropriate to the child's age and temperament, is essential, and that oncology providers should institute programs that help families deal with the illness.
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