Resumen¿Qué significa un urbanismo con perspectiva de género? ¿Cómo hacer planificación urbanística y proyectos urbanos que tengan en cuenta la perspectiva de género? El objetivo del urbanismo deberia ser poder vivir en barrios inclusivos que tengan en cuenta la diversidad real que caracteriza a los espacios urbanos, y así hacer posible que el derecho a la ciudad sea un derecho humano para todas las personas. Pensar el espacio urbano para todas y para todos es hacerlo desde la diferencia pero no desde la desigualdad: una diferencia entre mujeres y hombres, entre clases, entre orígenes, culturas, religiones, etc. posicionando en igualdad de condiciones todas las demandas, sin decisiones a priori, que excluyan la experiencia de las personas como fuente fundamental de conocimiento en las deciciones urbanas. palabras claves: Planificación urbanística. Proyecto urbano. Perspectiva de género. Participación urbana.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a prevalent condition thought to increase in the future.
Being mostly undiagnosed, the most serious complications are cardiovascular diseases, among
which are arrhythmias. Controversy remains as to whether OSA is a primary etiologic factor for
ventricular arrhythmias, because of the high incidence of cardiovascular comorbidities in OSA patients.
However, there is mostly a strong evidence of a relation between OSA and ventricular arrhythmias.
A few mechanisms have been proposed to be responsible for this association and some
electrocardiographic changes have also been demonstrated to be more frequent in OSA patients.
Treatment of OSA with Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) has the potential to reduce
arrhythmias and confer a mortality benefit.
Background: Patients with premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) and apparently normal hearts, can have ST elevation similar to type 2 or type 3 Brugada pattern in the electrocardiographic (ECG) performed at a higher position. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), has shown conflicting data regarding existence of structural abnormalities in patients with idiopathic PVCs from the RVOT. Objective: Our aim was to evaluate the prevalence of low voltage areas (LVAs) in the RVOT of patients with PVCS from the outflow tract, and in a control group. Secondly, assess for the presence of a non-invasive ECG marker. Methods: A 56 consecutive patients, 45 with frequent PVCs (>10000/24 h) LBBB, vertical axis, negative in aVL and 11 subjects without PVCs. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy was ruled out in all patients. An ECG was performed with V1-V2 at the level of the second intercostal space and the presence of ST-segment elevation with a Type 2 or 3 Brugada pattern (Type 2 BrP) was assessed. Bipolar voltage map of the RVOT was performed in sinus rhythm (0.5-1.5 mV color display). Areas with electrograms <1.5 mV represented the LVA. The area adjacent to the pulmonary valve usually displays voltage between 0.5 and 1.5 mV and is classified as transitionalvoltage zone. Presence of LVAs outside this transitional-voltage zone were estimated. We compared two groups with and without ST-segment elevation and tested for the association between ECG pattern and LVAs.
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