Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an aerobic Gram-negative bacterium which has emerged as one of the most problematic nosocomial pathogens.To characterizes P. aeruginosa strains that are widespread in patients in Iraq, 90 clinical samples were collected from wounds, burn, ear infection and urinary tract infection taken from three general hospitals of different areas of the region in Baghdad . Methods for isolation and identifying P. aeruginosa based upon culture methods coupled with biochemical tests, were used in this study. The results show that, the selective medium (cetrimide agar) at 42˚C aerobically had highest recovery in the isolation of P. aeruginosa strains, they were produced greenish-yellow or blue pigment colonies, catalase and oxidase was positive whereas negative for methyl red, and indole.; however, some of these methods are time consuming and may not be very accurate whereas API 20E is rapid method which performs at least 20 different biochemical tests at once, however it proved difficult to obtain additional information concerning the relationship between these strains. Molecular study for identifying p.aeruginosa include DNA extraction , than Real time assay by using powerchek P. aeruginosa Real time PCR Kit with probe, the results showed that RT-PCR has found to be rapid and more sensitive and specific in identification of P. aeruginosa, however Real time PCR Kit with probe, specific marker is recommended
Introduction and Aim: Beta-thalassemia patients develop chronic infections due to the hepatitis G virus (HGV), due to frequent blood transfusions. This study aimed to isolate these viruses from beta-thalassemia Iraqi patients and investigate into the 5'UTR genomic region of the virus to investigate the prevalent genotypes in this region. Materials and Methods: The study included 154 beta-thalassemia patients. Blood samples were collected from each individual participating in this study. Genomic RNA was isolated and subjected to cDNA synthesis. The 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) of the DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction using specific HGV primers and sent for sequencing. The sequences were genotyped using bioinformatics tools. Results: The results showed hepatitis G virus infection to be prevalent in 18.2% of the beta-thalassemia patients. Sequencing and alignment of the HGV 5'UTR sequences showed several nucleotide variations. A phylogenetic analysis revealed the following HGV genotypes to infect beta-thalassemia patients genotype 4(58.3%), genotype 2b (33.3%) and genotype 1b (8.3%). Conclusion: Genotyping of the 5'UTR region of the HGV gene showed the genotypes 1b, 2b and 4 to be prevalent among beta-thalassemia patients in Iraq.
Hereditary and environmental variables have a role in the development of breast cancer. This study aimed to examine the links between genetic Variations in the GSTP1 gene and Predisposition to breast cancer in an Iraqi population. The research included 40 Iraqi female breast cancer patients and 20 healthy volunteers. GSTP1-1695 A/G gene polymorphisms were investigated using polymerase chain reaction in Real-time (RT-PCR). The results showed the GSTP1 frequency of the wild GG genotypes was showed significantly (P<0.01) higher in healthy women in comparison with Breast cancer women (GG, 80% vs. 32.5%, respectively; furthermore, heterozygous AG genotypes were significantly higher in Breast cancer women in comparison with healthy women 42.5% vs. 20%, respectively at (P<0.01). While the mutant AA genotype (25%) in patient women appeared significantly (P<0.01) higher compared to healthy women (0.0%). Finally, we discovered a connection between GSTP1 polymorphisms and a higher chance of developing breast cancer in an Iraqi female population sample. Keywords: glutathione S-transferase1, breast cancer, polymorphism.
Introduction and Aim: The DNA methylation is involved in the regulation of gene activity and abnormal DNA methylation is associated with various diseases, including cancer. MAP9 (Microtubule-Associated Protein 9) gene methylation was investigated as a potential epigenetic biomarker for cancer in this work. The results were published in Cancer Research. Materials and Methods: The present study was on 40 breast cancer samples and 20 healthy samples to identify diagnosis biomarkers for breast cancer. DNA was extracted from the whole blood of breast cancer patients and healthy samples and were converted to bisulfite by using EpiTect Fast DNA Bisulfite Kit –Part 1 from Qiagen company. Then used Qia gene methylation kit to identify methylated site an epigenetic marker (MAP9) using HRM software in RT-PCR. Results: The findings of the present investigation revealed that the methylation of the MAP9 gene in breast cancer patients were 28 (70%) compared to healthy patients 2 (10%) at a significant difference (P<0.01). Conclusion: The MAP9 gene is hypermethylated in breast cancer patients, and it has the potential to be exploited as a molecular biomarker for the detection of breast cancer.
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