This study proposes and empirically tests a multilevel model of cross-level interactions between authentic leadership and innovativeness at the team level, and perception of support for innovation and creativity at the individual level. We use data from 23 team leaders and 289 team members. The hierarchical linear modeling analysis showed that whereas perceived team leaders' authentic leadership directly influences team members' individual creativity and team innovativeness, the effect of self-ascribed team leaders' authentic leadership was not significant. In addition to that, the relationship between team leaders' authenticity and creativity is mediated by perception of support for innovation.

If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation.

This study aims to resolve the contradictory previous research findings on the relationship between individualism-collectivism and innovation. We draw on innovation theory and relate to the difference between non-technological (management) and technological innovation