With improvement in fast glucose and insulin resistance of both low- and high-BMI groups, RYGB could modulate the expression of many serum microRNAs which are maybe associated with obesity, insulin secretion, and insulin resistance. However, in the low-BMI group, the expression of serum microRNA changed more obviously compared with the high-BMI group. This indicates that microRNA may play an important and unique role in the effect of RYGB on the improvement of insulin secretion and insulin resistance (IR), other than that played by decreased weight and body fat factors.
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