History of prematurity and the patient's age did not increase a patient's risk of failure. Nonresponders to high-flow nasal cannula therapy were on the onset, more hypercarbic, were less tachypnic prior to the start of high-flow nasal cannula, and had no change in their respiratory rate after the initiation of high-flow nasal cannula therapy. Nonresponders had higher pediatric risk of mortality scores in the first 24 hrs.

The migration of neutrophils from the circulation to areas of inflammation is the result of the sequential activation of multiple cellular adhesion molecules. pl-Integrins are cell surface glycoproteins and the class of adhesion molecules responsible for binding to the extracellular matrix. The goal of this study was to determine the contribution of glycosylation, specifically the presence of sialic acid, to pl-integrin adhesion in a neutrophil model. pl-Integrins on differentiated HL60 cells were remodeled by treatment with the exoglycosidases, sialidase and P-galactosidase. pl-Integrin activity was determined by measuring adherence to the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin. The expression of 01-integrins, ,DZintegrins and activated pl-integrins was determined by flow cytometry. Remodeling of p l -integrins by treatment with sialidase increased adhesion by greater than 100%. Flow cytometric analysis of remodeled b l -integrins demonstrated an increased expression of the activated PI-integrin, but only minor increases in the expression of total 01and PZintegrins. We postulate that glycosidase treatment increases adhesion and expression of activated p l -integrins by exposure of the normally hidden ligand-binding site. The glycosylation of pl-integrins on neutrophils may act to hide the ligand-binding site in unstimulated cells thereby contributing to the affinity modulation observed in neutrophil pl-integrin function.