This study reports two stages of research into the discourses of poetry education in the United States from the early 20th to the early 21st centuries. The first is an original study that traces the history of discourses about teaching poetry, and the second is a coda or concluding analysis that raises questions about how history functions as a trope and whether or how the history of poetry education matters in the present. In the original study, we photocopied, inventoried, coded, and noted patterns of discourse over virtually every article published on the teaching of poetry in the oldest practice-oriented journal of literacy education in the United States, English Journal, from 1912 to 2005. In the coda that follows, we revisited and refined conclusions from our initial round of investigation in light of the theoretical implications of three models of historical and social change: Parsonian functionalist theories, Marxist/neo-Marxist theories of dialectical materialism, and Foucauldian theories of discourse, power, and practice. In conclusion, we consider the implications of history and of historical thinking for present and future research and practice.Discussions about issues of research and practice within literacy studies very often reference history in support of scholars' claims. We have read, for example, that the First Grade Studies of the 1960s and indeed the expansion of educational research in general at the time were the result of the Cold War and Soviet advances in space
This paper presents the design of a new substation automation system architecture based on industrial automation technology, the development of an IEC 61850 compliant distance protection scheme and its test results. The proposed centralized structure means benefits for system integration since a higher degree of standardization can be achieved. Furthermore the approach guarantees manufacturerindependent and flexible IEC 61131-3 programming. Thus any implemented protection and control functions are portable and which saves otherwise required redevelopment effort in case of a required migration process.
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