Introduction: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) occurs when fluid builds up in the tiny, elastic air sacs (alveoli) in the lungs. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of captopril in reducing the symptoms of ARDS induced by oleic acid in experimental rats. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 14 Wistar male rats of 6-7 weeks weighing 200-250 g. In the first group, they received 1.25 mg/kg of captopril daily in glucose solution for one week, but the second group did not. After one week, these rats were anesthetized by 5% isoflurane respiration and oleic acid (0.1 mg/kg) was injected intraperitoneal for ARDS induction. During the first 6 hours after starting ARDS, the rats were randomly selected and after anesthesia with ether and autopsy, they were cut and the lung histology was conducted. Results: Intensity of lung tissue edema in the group receiving captopril (Cap) was 2.83 ± 0.41 and in the captopril group with oleic acid (Cap+OA) was 2.50±0.55. Additionally, 83.3% of the rats had severe pulmonary edema in the OA group which was statistically significant (P=0.003). The "severity of inflammation and bleeding" in the OA+Cap group was significantly less than OA group (P=0.026). Conclusion: Captopril can play a significant role in reducing the damage of the lung tissue and severity of tissue edema and inflammation and bleeding. Therefore, it may be possible to use this drug in human samples with acute respiratory distress syndrome to prevent further damage.
Background:Hepatitis C infection is one of the most common causes of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Due to limited efficacy and side-effects of treatment, identification of the determinants of response to treatment is an important issue. Nowadays, genotyping of interleukin (IL)-28B is one of the strongest tests used for prediction of sustained virological response. The prevalence of IL28B genotypes varies across different ethnicities. This study presents data on IL28B single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs12979860) in a group of Iranian hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients in Isfahan.Materials and Methods:One hundred patients already diagnosed for hepatitis C enrolled the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood samples. Specific primers were used to amplify IL28B gene (rs12979860). The rs129679860 SNP was genotyped by real-time polymerase chain reaction using TaqMan® probes.Results:The mean age of patients was 33.16 years (25–42 years). Ninety-nine subjects were male and 1 was female. The frequency of HCV genotypes was as follows: Genotype 3a: 53%, genotype 1a: 42%, genotype 1b: 2%, mixed genotype (1a + 3a): 1% and 2%: Nontypable.IL28B rs12979860 genotypes were TT in 17 patients (17%), CT in 41 patients (41%), and CC in the remaining 42 patients (42%).Conclusion:The prevalence of C allele is much higher in our population study than in African American HCV patients (62.5% and 40% respectively), which can explain better response to treatment in our patients.
Background: Considering that pulmonary embolism (PE) is one of the leading causes of mortality among pregnant women and that the D-dimer level in pregnancy can be highly fluctuating, a new and reliable Ddimer reference value is essential to identifying PE in this group of patients. Hence, the present study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic effect of D-dimer testing in pregnant women with suspected PE.Methods: This study recruited 100 women with confirmed pregnancy or six weeks after delivery or abortion with suspected PE symptoms. Wells criteria, D-dimer values, and pregnancy trimesters were recorded. Definitive PE results were obtained using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) or pulmonary ventilation/perfusion scans.Results: D-dimer cut-off point in PE diagnosis was higher than 1,447 µg/L [sensitivity, 87.5%; specificity, 63.04%; area under the curve (AUC)=0.735; P=0.003]. In addition, the combination of Wells criteria with the D-dimer test indicated that the cut-off points of D-dimer in PE likely and unlikely women were 1,962 and 1,447 μg/L, respectively, and had acceptable and significant diagnostic value in PE detection. In addition, the diagnostic value of D-dimer in pregnancy trimesters was not found to be significant (P>0.05). Conclusion:The new cut-off points of 1,447 and 1,962 μg/L were determined for D-dimer in pregnant women with likely and unlikely PE, respectively. Moreover, the new cut-off points in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy were 1,701 μg/L and 1,451 μg/L, respectively, which indicated no statistically acceptable diagnostic value.
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