Urban areas cover less than 3% of the earth's surface (SEDAC, 2011), but house more than half (54%) of the world's population (United Nations, 2014). Furthermore, it has been projected that 66% of the population is urban by 2050 (United Nations, 2014), which means an increase in residential and other built areas. This sets pressures for preserving and enhancing good quality natural and semi-natural urban green (and blue) environment, including, e.g. forests, parks and seasidesthe so-called green infrastructure (European Commission, 2013). Innovative solutions, such as integrating vegetation with buildings (on roofs and walls) are needed as part of the green infrastructure, where adequate and diverse green space in dense urban areas is the planning target (e.g. Jim, 2013; Haaland and van den Bosch, 2015). Numerous studies show that natural-like environments, such as forests and water areas, are rich in

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