A large body of literature indicates that there is a relationship between maternal psychological well-being and the early maternal–infant bond. However, this relationship is not fully understood, due to the different theoretical frameworks of maternal–infant bonding and different data collections points. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the maternal bond and the maternal psychological state including anxiety, stress, and maternal depressive symptoms. In this cohort study, 150 women who gave birth after 37 weeks of pregnancy completed the following self-reports 1–3 days post-delivery: Socio-demographic questionnaire, Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ), Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7), and Parental Stress Scale (PSS). The obtained results showed that the maternal level of stress, anxiety and postnatal depressive symptoms are significantly correlated with the maternal–infant bond in Polish mothers. In addition, regression analysis shows that postpartum depressive symptoms and maternal stress are significantly associated with the maternal–infant bonding process in the early postpartum period. This finding emphasizes the importance of identifying maternal mental state difficulties in the early postpartum period in order to provide interventions to help build healthy maternal–infant bonding.

(1) Background: There is a continuing discussion concerning the impact of preterm birth on Maternal-Infant bonding with inconsistent results. The large burden of preterm births calls for research to evaluate the impact of it on material psychological outcome in the early postpartum period. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between maternal postpartum bonding with maternal mental health, socio-demographical factors, and child’s characteristics. (2) Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. In total, 72 women (a mean age of 31.44 years old) of preterm infants (mean gestational age = 33.54; range 24–36) filled out socio-demographic questionnaires, Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ), Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), Postpartum Depression Screening Scale (PDSS), Generalized Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7), and Parental Stress Scale (PSS) 1–3 days post-delivery; (3) Results: The results analyses have shown positive correlations between the overall result of maternal postpartum bonding with stress (p < 0.01), maternal educational level (p < 0.01), maternal age (p < 0.05) and the number of children (p < 0.01). However, there were no significant relationships between other investigated variables. The results of linear regression have revelated the important role of the overall scores in experience of stress among mothers (explaining 49% of the variability). The mediating role of maternal stress on maternal postpartum bonding was not found. That relationship of maternal postpartum bonding and maternal stress was not moderated through socio-demographic variables. (4) Conclusions: In this study mothers of prematurely born children had a good level of Maternal-Infant bonding. Maternal stress was found to be a predictor of maternal postpartum bonding among the tested variables. Surprisingly, the study results did not show significant relationships between maternal postpartum bonding and maternal mental health (depression and anxiety).

The purpose of this study was to examine the severity of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms related to the COVID-19 pandemic in people with no diagnosis of mental illness, as well as in people who were diagnosed with depression or anxiety. Moreover, this study aimed to investigate the interplay between PTSD symptoms and self-assessed mental health associated with well-being. The 210 participants were divided into 3 groups: mentally healthy, participants with diagnosed depression, and participants with anxiety disorders. To evaluate the subjective well-being of the participants, the Polish adaptation of the Mental Health Continuum–Short Form (MHC–SF) was applied. The Impact Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) was used to measure the severity of PTSD symptoms. At least a moderate worsening of PTSD symptoms was observed in participants of all groups. The results were as follows: healthy participants M = 37.35 (SD = 18.46); participants with depression M = 36.05 (SD = 18.02); participants with anxiety M = 44.52 (SD = 18.08). The participants diagnosed with depression showed the lowest level of mental well-being M = 41.58 (SD = 15.02). Conclusion: People diagnosed with depression had both the lowest level of well-being and the lowest severity of symptoms specific to PTSD. In all three groups, lower emotional well-being was linked to greater PTSD symptoms.

This study’s aim was assessing of the relationship between mentalization and life satisfaction and the level of adaptation to oncological disease in patients with breast cancer. The study involved 41 women (M = 59.88; SD = 8.81) with breast cancer who completed their treatments and participated in a cancer rehabilitation program. In the study, we used the Mentalization Questionnaire (MZQ), the Satisfaction Life Scale (SWLS), and the Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale (Mini-MAC). The mean of declared level of mentalization was 45.54 (SD = 11.65). The significant correlation between mentalization (its general value and individual dimensions) and satisfaction with life/mental adjustment to cancer was observed. The strongest positive correlations were noted between refusing self-reflection, helplessness–hopelessness, and anxious preoccupation and the negative correlation between mentalization and satisfaction with life. Mentalization was a predictor of satisfaction with life and mental adjustment to illness. Mentalization was related with life satisfaction and adjustment to cancer in patients with breast cancer, which is in line with previous studies suggesting the crucial role of subjective psychological factors in maintaining mental health.

Zdiagnozowanie choroby nowotworowej u dzieci i młodzieży jest niezwykle trudnym i traumatyzującym doświadczeniem zarówno dla nich samych, jak i ich bliskich. Szacuje się, że nowotwory w tej grupie stanowią 1-2% wszystkich rozpoznawanych nowotworów oraz są przyczyną zgonów w ok. 8% przypadków. Najczęściej u dzieci i młodzieży diagnozuje się białaczki, guzy mózgu, nowotwory układu współczulnego, retinoblastomę, nowotwory nerek i wątroby. Większość dotychczasowych badań dotyczyła psychopatologicznych reakcji na chorobę nowotworową, takich jak lęk, gniew czy depresja. Jednak w ostatnich latach badacze zaczęli skupiać uwagę także na pozytywnych aspektach doświadczeń traumatycznych wynikających m.in. z choroby nowotworowej. Zaczęto poszukiwać uwarunkowań potraumatycznego rozwoju nie tylko u osób dorosłych, lecz także w grupie dzieci i młodzieży. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono specyfikę wzrostu potraumatycznego w grupie nieletnich oraz jego uwarunkowań. Zaprezentowano główne koncepcje dotyczące tego zjawiska w odniesieniu do dzieci i młodzieży oraz podjęto próbę przedstawienia aktualnego stanu badań nad wzrostem potraumatycznym wśród nieletnich zmagających się z chorobą nowotworową.

StreszczenieWstęp: Doświadczenie choroby nowotworowej jest niezwykle trudnym i traumatycznym przeżyciem zarówno dla samego chorego, jak i jego bliskich. Badania z ostatnich lat wskazują, że doświadczenie traumy w wyniku choroby nowotworowej może prowadzić nie tylko do negatywnych, lecz także pozytywnych skutków definiowanych jako wzrost potraumatyczny (PTG). Cel pracy: Celem badania była próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, jaką rolę we wzroście potraumatycznym odgrywa twardość psychiczna i wsparcie społeczne oraz jaki jest związek między twardością psychiczną i wsparciem społecznym w odniesieniu do PTG. Materiał i metody: W badaniu wzięło udział 41 chorych na nowotwory powyżej 18. roku życia (M = 54,24, SD = 13,25). Badani byli leczeni w Klinice Hematologii i Transplantologii Uniwersyteckiego Centrum Klinicznego w Gdańsku oraz na Oddziale Rehabilitacji Onkologicznej Wojewódzkiego Centrum Onkologii w Gdańsku. Do przeprowadzenia badania wykorzystano następujące narzę-dzia: Inwentarz potraumatycznego rozwoju -PTGI, Skalę twardości psychicznej -HRHS oraz Berlińskie skale wsparcia społecznego -BSSS. Wyniki i wnioski: Prezentowane badanie wskazało na pozytywny wpływ wsparcia społecznego i twardości psychicznej związanej ze zdrowiem na wzrost potraumatyczny u chorych kobiet. Wsparcie społeczne pozytywnie koreluje z wynikiem ogólnym wzrostu potraumatycznego. Podobnie twardość psychiczna okazała się umiarkowanie ważnym czynnikiem dla zmian wzrostowych. Uzyskane rezultaty są wynikami wstępnymi. AbstractIntroduction: The experience of cancer is an extremely heavy and traumatic experience for both the patient and his/her loved ones. Recent studies have shown that traumatic cancer experience can lead not only to negative but also positive effects defined as posttraumatic growth (PTG). The aim of the study is to answer the question of what role is played by hardiness and social support according to PTG and what the relationship is between hardiness and social support for PTG. Material and methods: The study included 41 cancer patients over 18 years old (M = 54.24, SD = 13.25), treated at the Department of Haematology and Transplantology, UCK in Gdansk and at the Department of Oncology Rehabilitation at the Regional Centre of Oncology in Gdansk. The study was conducted using the questionnaire method with the following questionnaires: Posttrau-

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