On public roads, the guardrails represent the most used passive protection devices in the case of road accidents. Their role is to absorb the car impact energy. This paper presents and analyses tests of a W-beam guardrail type placed on the roadside using the finite element method. The introduction of the paper presents the state of the art, the requirements and the standards used for guardrails testing and crash test methods. In the second part of the paper is achieved the CAD model of the parapet and the impactor used to create the crash test. In the third part of this study, the boundary conditions of the guardrail structure and impactor are created for two cases of speed (80 and 110 km/h) at 20 degrees angles of impact, according to the SR EN 1317 standard. The fourth part proposes a new guardrail model changed by adding a new shock-absorber element and the distance between the poles is increased after visualization and interpretation of the obtained results of the guardrail structure. The new guardrail structure is tested at the same boundary condition as the base structure. The conclusions are highlighted in the last part of the study.
Due to the reduction in pollutant emissions, the number of electric vehicles has experienced rapid growth in worldwide traffic. Vehicles equipped with batteries represent a greater danger of explosion and fire in the case of traffic accidents, which is why new protective systems and devices have been designed to improve impact safety. Through their design and construction, auxetic structures can ensure the efficient dissipation of impact energy, reducing the risk of battery damage and maintaining the safety of vehicle occupants. In this paper, we analyze the crashworthiness performance of a battery case equipped with an energy absorber with a particular shape based on a re-entrant auxetic model. Simulations were performed at a velocity of 10 m/s and applied to the battery case with a rigid impact pole, a configuration justified by most accidents occurring at a low velocity. The results highlight that by using auxetic structures in the construction of the battery case, the impact can be mitigated by the improved energy absorber placed around the battery case, which leads to a decrease in the number of damaged cells by up to 35.2%. In addition, the mass of the improved energy absorbers is lower than that of the base structure.
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