Overall survival, event-free survival and quality of life appear to have improved with this three-agent combination chemotherapy; however larger, randomized studies are needed to determine optimal management.
manifestations. The time duration between the Rickettsial infection and ocular manifestation may vary and has not been definitively described thus far. Conclusion Neuroretinitis represents a self-limiting, benign, systemic inflammatory process with rarely a specific aetiology being identified. It is essential to consider Rickettsioses in the differential diagnosis of neuroretinitis especially if the patient is from an endemic area. Early diagnosis and treatment with doxycycline may help to prevent sight-threatening complications.
BackgroundProvider initiated testing and counselling (PITC) is recommended for all inpatients in Malawi if they have not been tested in the previous 3 months. However testing rates remain low among children. We audited the effect of implementing a bedside diagnostic HIV testing service to determine if it would improve testing rates amongst paediatric inpatients.MethodsWe audited the existing HIV testing service to determine the numbers of children being tested for HIV. This was followed by the introduction of a bedside diagnostic service followed by re-audit. Bedside testing was facilitated by health systems strengthening measures including identification of suitable counsellors, appropriate supervision and remuneration.ResultsIn the initial audit in March-April 2014, 85 (63%) of 135 children had documented HIV tests.. Following implementation of the bedside HIV testing service, there was a significant increase in the proportion of children whose HIV status was known. On re-audit in July 2015, 110 (94.8%) of 116 children had documented HIV tests (p<0.001). Of those with documented tests, 94.5% had been tested within the last 3-months compared to 61% in 2014. Following the introduction of the service, the proportion of children tested for HIV during admission increased from 31.9% to 68.1% (p<0.001).ConclusionsImplementation of a bedside testing service at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital significantly increased HIV testing among paediatric inpatients. This has important implications in establishing earlier treatment, reducing HIV-associated morbidity and mortality.
attendance. Females required support in five key areas, including family, finances, education, mental health, and susceptibility to risks. The service successfully supported young women by providing an individualised approach, teaching life skills, and signposting to appropriate services. Conclusions Young women are significantly affected by violence and require support in several aspects of their lives, to lower their risk and prevent future involvement. There are similarities and differences in the types of violence that affect females compared to males, as well as support needs. As an area of limited research, this study provides considerable information about the involvement of females in serious youth violence. The intervention programme is a step, amongst others that need to be considered in the community, to ensure sustainable prevention of violence affecting young women.
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