AbstractBackgroundIn previous studies, we have observed that glutamate antagonists injected within the nucleus accumbens septi (NAS) induced an anxiolytic-like effect in the elevated plus maze (EPM) test in rats. In the present study, the effect of Atenolol, a specific Beta Adreno-receptor antagonist in the EPM was studied in male rats bilaterally cannulated NAS.MethodsRats were divided into five groups that received either 1 μL injections of saline or atenolol in different doses (0.75, 1 or 2 μg/1 μL, n=15–16) 15 min before testing.ResultsTime Spent in the Open Arm was modified by treatment (F=4.563, p=0.006, df 3). This was increased by the lowest dose of atenolol (p<0.05), by the medium doses (p<0.001) and also by the highest dose (p<0.01). Time per Entry was modified by treatment (F=4.54, p=0.06, df 3). This parameter was increased by the lowest dose of atenolol (p<0.01), but not for the medium and higher doses.ConclusionsWe conclude that Atenolol beta receptor blockade in the accumbens lead to an anxiolytic-like effect related to an increase in the time spent in the open arm and in the time per entry, showing specific behavioral patterns.
Introduction:
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a vasculitis that affects vessels of small and medium caliber.
Objectives:
1 Determine clinical and epidemiology of KD in children in 22 pediatric referral centers in Argentina. 2 Identify risk factors for coronary complications (CC).
Material and Methods:
A retrospective and analytical study from 01/01/2010 to 31/12/2013. Variables: age, sex, heart rate (HR), clinic features, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein (CRP), leukocytes (Gb), neutrophils, hemoglobin (Hb) and CC. Color Doppler echocardiography: acute phase and 4-6 weeks.
Results:
Subjects: 191, age (Md) 29 months (R: 2-144) .Ratio v / m: 1.8 / 1. Clinical: fever 100% (191/191) more frequent and adenopatía: 57% (110/191) less frequent. CC: 15.7% (30/191). Mortality: 0.52% (1/191 cases). Increased risk of CC: leukocytosis> 20,000 / mm3 Odds ratio (OR) = 4.235 (95% CI 1704-10529). Hematocrit <30, OR = 6.042. (95% CI 2469-14782) p <0.0002; Hb <10 OR = 5.056 (95% CI 2163-11814) p 100 mm / 1h OR = 3.725 (95% CI 1642-8447) p 100 mg / dl OR = 6.417. (95% CI 2441-16869) p <0.0002 and other heart affections.OR = 7.964. (95% CI 2459-25794) p <0.0010. Children from the West of the country have 2.7 times greater risk of CC OR = 2.714 (95% CI: 1228-5997) p <0.019 compared to the rest.
Conclusions:
Increased frequency in males. Increased risk of CHD in subjects from western Argentina. Low mortality. Increased risk of CC: low hematocrit and hemoglobin; leukocytes, neutrophils, ESR, CRP, FC, high, Presence of other heart alterations and more days of fever at the time of establishing of treatment. Risk factors for coronary involvement
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