Latex-based colloidal crystals have been grown by electrophoretic deposition. The deposition has been assisted by hydrodynamic von Kármán-like flows, which lead to quantitative improvements. It has been studied the influence of applied voltage, deposition time and flow rate on the number of deposited layers and on the mean domain size. The samples were studied with microscopy and precision weight measurement. It has been found that there is a critical time after which the deposition mechanism changes, and the behavior of the system before and after this critical time is considered. The mean domain size and the deposition time were reduced to non-dimensional forms which show the collapse of the data for different applied voltages and flow rates into one curve. C 2006 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. IntroductionAs an analogy to the ordered structures of atoms, colloidal crystals (CCs) are compact arrays of colloidal particles whose structures show periodicity in the length scale of the particles diameter. In one layer the colloids are ordered in a close packed arrangement, where each sphere touches six others, in order to minimize the interactions among the particles. These close packed layers stack themselves to form a three dimensional colloidal crystal [1,2,3].In the last decades, several techniques of arrangement have been used to prepare colloidal crystals. Gravitational sedimentation [4,5,6] [14,15,16,17] are some examples. The techniques which lead to more perfect structures base their success on the fact of having more than one privileged direction. The primary direction is perpendicular to the substrate, while the secondary ones promote the ordered arrangement of the colloidal particles.In this paper, a novel method of arrangement is studied, which not only reduces the formation of defects but also decreases the time of deposition. The technique consists on an electrophoretic deposition assisted by hydrodynamic von Kármán-like flows [18]. The von Kármán
REVISTA MÉDICA HJCA RESUMEN INTRODUCCIÓN: En lo que a traumatismos se refiere, el ojo es el tercer órgano más afectado después de manos y pies [1]. El trauma ocular constituye una de las principales causas de pérdida de la visión unilateral y determina consecuencias graves en el ámbito psico-social del individuo; siendo la causa más común de ceguera unilateral en la edad pediátrica, principalmente en países en vías de desarrollo [2].La epidemiología de las lesiones oculares depende de varios factores; como el estilo de vida, el estado socioeconómico y las actividades deportivas y recreativas [2]. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), la incidencia anual mundial de traumatismo ocular es de alrededor de 55 millones [1]. Alrededor del 38-52% de todos los casos de urgencias oftálmicas son traumas oculares y el 0.9-1.8% de ellos deben ser ingresados debido a un traumatismo grave [2]. Las lesiones varían desde una pequeña abrasión epitelial de la córnea hasta penetración y ruptura del globo [3]. El desgarro de la córnea, el desgarro de la esclerótica y el daño de la lente son las morbilidades observadas con mayor frecuencia del traumatismo ocular, seguidas de laceración del párpado, prolapso uveal, anomalías de la cámara anterior, desprendimiento de retina y avulsión del nervio óptico [1].Las lesiones oculares, incluso las de menor importancia, pueden generar importantes cargas económicas por la necesidad de cuidados especiales, la costosa hospitalización, tratamiento y rehabilitación visual [2].Este artículo presenta un caso clínico de trauma ocular, con pronóstico desfavorable según OTS. Epidemiológicamente entre el 30-40% de las cegueras monoculares son producidas por traumas oculares [2]. Al existir un trauma ocular con herida penetrante, se debe intervenir de forma oportuna en las primeras 24 horas para prevenir complicaciones y mejorar el pronóstico [4].
BACKGROUND: CMV retinitis is a viral opportunistic ocular infection that affects more frequent-ly HIV positive- AIDS patients. HIV virus infects cells that express CD4, like: lymphocytes, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells; as a consequence the patient gets immunosuppressed, increasing its susceptibility to opportunist infections. CMV retinitis is the most frequent cause of opportunist infections in AIDS patients; but only 8% of the patients present with CMV retinitis a an initial sign. CASE REPORT: 26 year old male patient, being evaluated for fever of unknown origin, was diagnosed of HIV infection. Complementary tests showed CMV positive PCR test. At the oph-thalmological examination a perimacular exudate was evident on the right eye, the patient was asymptomatic at the moment of the diagnosis. EVOlUTION: After being diagnosed of HIV infection and CMV retinitis, patient started taking HAART and Valganciclovir. The ourtcome was good, perimacular exudate disappeared in pos-terior follow up. CONClUSIONS: CMV retinitis is frequent in HIV-AIDS patients. Sometimes the patients are asymptomatic, or missing diagnosis of HIV, therefore it is important to standarize early detection and treatment measures, to improve life quality for this patients. KEYWORDS: RETINITIS, CYTOMEGALOVIRUS, HIV, AIDS
Introducción: Una gran cantidad de infecciones tanto de la región genital como facial se dan a causa del virus herpes (HSV), las consecuencias visuales de esta patología pueden llegar a ser severas e irreversibles, afectando la calidad de vida de los pacientes. Caso Clinico: Mujer de 72 años; Hipertensión Arterial (HTA) controlada, Consulta por ojo derecho (OD) rojo fue tratado por conjuntivitis (gatifloxacina más dexametasona) en otra casa de salud . Agudeza Visual (AV) Con corrección OD 6/10, Ojo Izquierdo 8/10 Biomicroscopia (BMC): úlcera geográfica gigante, la misma ocupaba más del 80% de la región nasal corneal de OD, sin afectación pupilar. Se interpreta como úlcera herpética, se retira medicación previa, se indica aciclovir tópico 5 veces al día y ketotifeno tópico 2 veces por día. Evolución: Control en 48 hs: AV sin cambios. BMC: se observa evidente mejoría de lesión, con afectación solamente del cuadrante ínfero nasal corneal del OD. La paciente continuó evolucionando favorablemente. Conclusiones: La rápida respuesta al tratamiento nos hace pensar que la acción del ketotifeno a nivel conjuntival disminuyendo la inflamación y secreción, permitió una mejor absorción del antiviral y una pronta mejoría del componente inflamatorio de la paciente.
e32215th ICID Abstracts / International Journal of Infectious Diseases 16S (2012) e317-e473 in distilled water and followed to dry. Each sample was grinded into powder by vortex and then 1g was poured into 100ml of sterile distilled water and stirred. Following, 1 mL of supernatant was inoculated into petri dishes containing Sabouraud dextrose agar then incubated at 25 • C for five days. The grown fungi were identified by standard mycological techniques based macroscopic and microscopic morphology.Results: A total of 132 peanut (n = 81) and pistachio (n = 51) samples, fungi were detected in almost 72% of the samples. The Aspergillus flavus was the most predominant isolate from peanut (19%) and pistachio (22%) samples. There was a significant relationship between A. flavus contaminations in the peanuts and pistachio with high humidity.Conclusion: Because of the isolation of high percentage of A. flavus as the main aflatoxins producer in nature we recommend also the need of good storage practices in order to prevent the occurrence of aflatoxins in peanuts and pistachio.http://dx.Background: Candida spp are BF producers and are frequently observed in medical devices as in gastrointestinal and urogenital normal flora. There are many reports about an altered phenotype in BF with respect to growth rate, gene transcription and resistance increase, but few reports about BF behavior of susceptible and resistant planktonic isolates from UGT when the BF is fully developed as normal flora or in pathological situations.Aim: to study S and MR planktonic isolates of CA from UGT and evaluate their behavior in BF.Methods: The CA susceptibility to azoles was performed by CLSI rules. We used 20 CA S: fluconazol (FCZ) MIC ≤ 2g/ml; itraconazole (ITZ) <1 g/ml; voriconazole (VCZ) ≤0.125 g/ml, and 5 CA MR. We studied 1 CAMR isolate from catheter (FCZ >256 g/ml; ITZ >32 g/ml; VCZ >32 g/ml) as control. All isolates were incubated 24-48 hours in Sabouraud broth (SB). The CA BF of each isolate was investigated using: a glass coupon (GC); a GC with vaginal layer (previously described) and acetate film. Each of them was placed in the SB and then we read by optical microscopy after 24 and 48 hours of incubation. We used microtiter assay (MA) for studying quantitatively BF formation. Following 24 hours and remotion of planktonic CA, the crystal violet tinction was employed. A RT-2100Cmicroprocessor (absorbance mode 450 nm) was employed for reading.Results: BF was detected in all isolates but the exopolisacharide (EPS) formation, thick and density in some CAS were deficient. Usually BF with blastospores, pseudohyphae, hyphae and EPS was present in CAMR.Conclusion: The previous susceptibility of CA is important in the BF formation. The MR is a risk factor to eradicate CA from host
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