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This letter presents heat transfer results that single-walled carbon nanotube ͑CNT͒ suspensions in a boiling environment can extend the saturated boiling regime and postpone catastrophic failure of the material even further than previously reported if the surface tension of the nanofluid is carefully controlled. The maximum enhancement in the critical heat flux is nearly four times for a surfactant to CNT concentration ratio of 1:5. The experimental results show that the material burnout is a strong function of the relaxation of the nanofluid surface tension with the base fluid.

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The purpose of this study is to assess the adherence status and to identify the risk factors for medication non-adherence in Bulgarian outpatients with schizophrenia. Variables with possible impact on adherence behaviour were assessed via a set of pre-determined clinical interviews and self-rating scales in a total of 226 patients with schizophrenia. As non-adherent were classified 55.8% of the participants. Differences between adherent and non-adherent patients were identified. A multiple regression analysis revealed three variables predictive for the medication adherence--attitudes toward medication, severity of positive symptoms and the ability to recognize psychotic symptoms. Interventions focusing on the identified predictive variables might be useful when aiming at improvement of medication adherence and outcome in schizophrenia.

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A recent randomized, open-label, relapse prevention trial (ConstaTRE) compared outcomes with risperidone long-acting injectable (RLAI) versus the oral atypical antipsychotic quetiapine. This study also included a small descriptive arm in which patients could also be randomized to aripiprazole. Results of this exploratory analysis are described here. Clinically stable adults with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder previously treated with oral risperidone, olanzapine, or an oral conventional antipsychotic were randomized to RLAI or aripiprazole. Efficacy and tolerability were monitored for up to 24 months. A total of 45 patients were treated with aripiprazole (10-30 mg/day) and 329 patients with RLAI (25-50 mg i.m. every 2 weeks). Relapse occurred in 27.3% (95% CI: 15.0-42.8%) of aripiprazole-treated and 16.5% (95% CI: 12.7-21.0%) of RLAI-treated patients. Kaplan-Meier estimates of mean (standard error) relapse-free period were 313.7 (20.4) days for aripiprazole and 607.1 (11.4) days for RLAI patients. Remission was achieved by 34.1% (95% CI: 20.5-49.9%) of aripiprazole and 51.1% (95% CI: 45.5-56.6%) of RLAI patients. Clinical global impression-change was improved ("minimally improved" to "very much improved") in 26.4% with RLAI and 15.9% with aripiprazole patients. Tolerability was generally good for both treatment groups. Weight gain (7.0% with RLAI vs. 4.4% with aripiprazole), extrapyramidal adverse events (AEs) (10.3% vs. 4.4%), and potentially prolactin-related AEs (4.6% vs. 0%) were more common with RLAI treatment, and gastrointestinal disorders were more common in aripiprazole-treated patients (22.2% vs. 6.1%). Time-to-relapse in stable patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder was numerically longer in RLAI-treated patients than in aripiprazole-treated patients although not statistically significant. Both treatments were generally well tolerated.

The objective of this study is to explore the effectiveness of three digital shopping platforms (Plain Interactive, Marker-based Augmented Reality and Markerless Augmented Reality), on the impressions and purchase intentions of consumers. The study is mainly interested in analysing whether intelligent shopping platforms with AR elements provide any added advantage to an advertised product in the form of favourable attitude or a stronger purchase impulse. During the tests with the three shopping platforms, quantitative data was collected via computerised questionnaire. High and Low class users were statistically extracted, corresponding to the high or low probability to buy or recommend the advertised brand. The results show that Markerless AR system clearly outperforms the Marker-based AR and the Plain Interactive in terms of positive attitude from the users. The second better performing system is the Marker-based AR, which closely follows the Markerless AR, while the Plain Interactive system obtains least approval.

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