Cryptococcosis is a mycosis caused by yeasts of genus Cryptococcus, mainly the species C. neoformans and C. gattii that can affect humans and animals. These yeasts are widely distributed in the environment and are typically associated with avian droppings and decaying wood. Most infections are related to the respiratory tract, but the central nervous system and cutaneous lesions are also reported in the literature. The present report is a case of cryptococcosis in an 18-month-old unspayed female English Bulldog with the main complaint of weight loss and diarrhea. The presence of two large masses observed in an ultrasound examination leads us to perform an exploratory laparotomy. Considering the size of the lesion and the impossibility of owner to provide intensive care, the consent for euthanasia was requested. The postmortem diagnosis of cryptococcosis was revealed by cytological evaluation, and the involvement of C. gattii VGII was confirmed by isolation and identification tests as well as by the detection of the URA5 gene restriction fragment length polymorphism PCR analysis. Reports in the literature of the involvement of Cryptococcus in gastrointestinal lesions are rare in both human and veterinary medicine. Data about different forms of cryptococcosis are important to provide more knowledge of uncommon clinical presentations of this yeast and therefore improve the diagnoses and decisions for the best therapy.

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Dermatophytes are keratinophilic fungi and the causative agent of dermatophytosis in animals and people. In the pathogenesis of this disease, enzymes such as DNase, gelatinase, lipase, keratinase, elastase, and collagenase are highlighted. This work aimed to verify the production of these enzymes by clinical and environmental isolates of dermatophytes. Environmental strains were obtained by the Vanbreuseghem technique (1952), using soil samples from different Brazilian locations. The clinical samples were obtained from animal hair and crust sent to the Veterinary Microbiological Diagnostic Service/UFRRJ. The enzymatic evaluation of the dermatophytes was made by spectrophotometer absorbance readings (collagenase, elastase, and keratinase), degradation halo formation in Petri dishes (DNase and lipase) and tube liquefaction (gelatinase). The clinical isolates were Microsporum canis (11), Nannizzia gypsea (7), N. nana (2), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (4) and Trichophyton sp. (6). The environmental isolates were N. gypsea (25), N. nana (1) and Trichophyton sp. (4). There was no statistically significant difference in keratinase, elastase, lipase and gelatinase production between the clinical and environmental isolates groups. There was a statistically significant difference in collagenase and DNase production. It is concluded that both clinical and soil samples are capable of producing enzymes related to dermatophyte infection.

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Litíases são definidas como concreções formadas através da deposição de minerais ao redor de um núcleo formado por matriz orgânica. Podem se localizar em qualquer região do trato urinário dos animais, causando obstruções ou infecção do trato urinário (ITU). Apenas 10% dos urólitos podem ser encontrados nos rins, sendo esta localização pouco frequente. Citrobacter koseri possui raro isolamento nas ITUs em cães. O presente relato teve por objetivo descrever o diagnóstico clínico, bem como o diagnóstico microbiológico e tratamento da infecção por este microrganismo em um animal adulto portador de nefrolitíase bilateral. A paciente em questão vinha sendo tratada para doença renal crônica (DRC) há dois meses com pouca melhora do quadro de azotemia. Através de exames laboratoriais e de imagem houve diagnóstico de infecção urinária associada à nefrolitíase bilateral. Após manejo clínico da ITU, houve cura microbiológica da paciente e discreta redução do tamanho das litíases. O controle da DRC foi realizado até o óbito. As avaliações diagnósticas reiteram a importância do diagnóstico precoce de litíases e ITU a fim de prevenir lesões irreversíveis nos rins e vias urinárias. Citrobacter koseri deve ser incluído como um patógeno de importância nas infecções urinárias em cães, uma vez que urolitíases favorecem a contaminação do trato urinário, com possibilidade de desenvolvimento de DRC.