Objective: To assess the levels of physical activity, barriers, and stage of change in an urban population 25 to 50 years of age from the Municipality of Santa Rosa de Osos, department of Antioquia. Materials and methods: A prevalence study was conducted, with a two-stage random sampling among 357 individuals not suffering from any known cardiovascular disease. A pre-designed survey was conducted to assess the levels of physical activity, the stage of change, and physical activity barriers. Results: The total low physical activity was 9%, and by domains: work 66.9%, transport 60.8%, household and garden (yard work) 44.8%, and leisure-time 76.2%. The most important physical activity barriers were «lack of willpower» (70%) and «lack of time» (46.2%). The most prevalent stages of change were «contemplation» (40.3%) and «preparation» (17.1%). Conclusion: low physical activity levels were found in different domains of daily life, together with a high prevalence of barriers and stages prior to physical activity practice, mainly among women and obese subjects.
Astrocytoma, the tumor of astrocytic glial cells, is the most common type of central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms, accounting for more than 60% of all primary brain tumors. As histology-based classification is highly subjective, there is a need for more robust histology-independent molecular classifiers. Although different gene expression and genome-wide array-CGH expression profiles have been use for classification, these expression signatures are yet to be translated to utility in clinical settings suggesting that these studies require further characterization and validation. Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, short (19-24 nucleotides) non-protein-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Alterations in the expression profiles of many miRNAs have been described in numerous human tumors. Recent evident indicate that the grade types of astrocytoma could be better classified by using a micro miRNA expression profiles compared with histological or gene expression analysis. Thus, the aim of this project was to construct a miRNA expression profile of astrocytoma according to its malignant potential in Puerto Rican brain tumor samples. Archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples were used in this study. Not shown in previous literature, our preliminary results showed that miR-27b was more abundant in high grade vs. low grade astrocytoma. Although, miRNA profiling appears to be a very promising tool, nonetheless, further validation of these discriminatory miRNAs in a large number of patients and in independent studies is necessary before clinical application becomes realistic. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5053. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5053
In Puerto Rico, prostate cancer age adjusted death rate between 2004-2008, was 30.1 per 100,000 males per year, higher than for Hispanics (21.2) and white non Hispanics (26.4) in the United States. Increased mortality could be due to differences in disease biology, exposures or socioeconomic factors. Recognizing these factors our group is involved in studying the relationship of Ancestry Informative Markers (AIMs) and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms(SNPs) with risk/aggressiveness of prostate cancer in African American and Puerto Rican cohorts of patients that underwent a radical prostatectomy. In addition to the genetic and AIMs analysis, we have assessed the statistical association between prostate cancer severity and socioeconomic status controlling for potential confounders. Here we report the results in a group of 244 participants in Puerto Rico. The statistical method of principal component analysis (PCA) was used to determine the socioeconomic status (SES) at the geographical area of group level. We used the following four socioeconomic indicators available in the US Census 2000: unemployment rate, the inverse of median annual household income, percentage of the population living below the poverty level, and percentage of the population aged 25 years or older with less than 12 years of education. Due the fact that the first principal component (PC) has the cumulative variance greater than 75%, we selected this PC to define the socioeconomic profile (SEP) index at the group level as a proxy of the SES. We categorized the SEP using quintiles to set the scale boundaries, where SEP1 represents the highest socioeconomic level (lowest social deprivation) and the SEP5 represents the lowest socioeconomic level (highest social deprivation). Definition of disease risk groups was :a) Low risk: pT2 and Gleason score less than or equal to 3+4=7; b) High risk: pT3, or positive surgical margin, or Gleason score greater than or equal to 4+3=7.Results: The odds(OR) of being diagnosed with Gleason scores > 7 is 1.75(95%CI)in SEP5 than in SEP1. A gradient in the odds ratios is observed as the SEP decreases. The odds of being categorized as “high risk disease” among participants in SEP5 was 45% higher (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 0.60-3.52) the odds of being categorized as “high risk disease” among participants in SEP1. This increase was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Detailed analyses will be presented. Conclusions: Further analyses are needed with an expanded number of participants to assess prevalence of high severity of disease in the SEP5. Citation Format: Margarita Irizarry Ramirez, Jeannette Salgado, Marievelisse Soto, Curtis Pettaway, Erick Suarez, Mario Quintero, Lourdes Guerrios, Ricardo Sanchez-Ortiz. Severity of prostate cancer and socioeconomic status in Hispanics in Puerto Rico. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3619. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3619
Se determina la condición física respecto a las variables de sexo, edad y estrato socioeconómico, a partir de la medición de la capacidad aeróbica, la flexibilidad y la fuerza, siguiendo metodologías avaladas científicamente, para grupos poblacionales especiales.
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