Coastal vulnerability is a condition where there is an increased processes of damage in the coastal areas caused by a variety of factors such as human activity and natural factors such as impact of sea level rise, sea waves and longshore current which cause abrasion and sedimentation processes which is once indicator of pressure on coastal areas even though not always interpreted as the degradation of coastal areas. Coastal vulnerability analysis is very important to be done, by doing a study of the coastal areas condition in particular the study of the vulnerability of a coastal areas will ease in highlighted any sections of a coastal areas which judged having high level of vulnerability and what are the factors that result in the vulnerability of the coastal areas. The research of coastal vulnerability of east coast of Bintan Island was conducted in September-October 2015 with observing physical and oceanographic variables consisting of coastal geomorphology, beach slope, shoreline changes and annual average of sea wave height and tidal range. Coastal vulnerability analysis using coastal vulnerability index (CVI) method by giving a score to each of the variables used in accordance with the categories set by United States Geological Survey (USGS). The results of coastal vulnerability analysis showed coastal geomorphology and beach slope are a variables with a high to very high degree of vulnerability with the vulnerability score of each variables is 4.75 and 5 (score scale range from 1-5). Coastal vulnerability index of east coast of Bintan Island ranged from 3.16-3.54 with an average 3.33 which showed the level of vulnerability of east coast of Bintan Island is in low category.Keyword: coastal vulnerability index, coastal vulnerability, east coast of Bintan Island, Oceanographic ABSTRAKKerentanan pantai merupakan kondisi dimana terdapat peningkatan proses kerusakan di wilayah pantai yang diakibatkan oleh berbagai faktor seperti aktivitas manusia dan faktor alami seperti pengaruh kenaikan muka laut, gelombang laut serta arus menyusur pantai yang mengakibatkan terjadinya proses abrasi maupun sedimentasi yang merupakan salah satu indikator adanya tekanan terhadap suatu kawasan pantai walaupun bukan berarti sebagai degradasi kondisi kawasan pantai. Analisis kerentanan pantai sangat penting untuk dilakukan, dengan melakukan kajian kondisi suatu kawasan pantai khususnya kajian mengenai kerentanan suatu kawasan pantai akan memudahkan dalam menyoroti bagian-bagian mana saja dari suatu pantai yang dinilai memiliki tingkat kerentanan yang tinggi dan faktor-faktor apa saja yang mengakibatkan kerentanan kawasan pantai tersebut. Penelitian mengenai kerentanan pantai timur Pulau Bintan dilaksanakan pada Bulan September-Oktober 2015 dengan mengamati variabel fisik dan variabel oseanografi yang terdiri dari geomorfologi pantai, kemiringan pantai, perubahan garis pantai dan rata-rata tinggi gelombang laut serta rata-rata kisaran pasang surut per tahun. Analisis kerentanan pantai menggunakan metode coastal vulnerability...

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This study aims to provide a baseline report of the apportionment of stranded plastic debris (macro) in Bintan Island beaches. Their quantity and composition were assessed during a 45-day survey demonstrating the occurrence of the 3378 plastic fragments, which were, in decreasing order, constituted by LDPE (22.9%), PS (19.5%), PP (16.6%), PET (10.4%), HDPE (9.2%), PVC (7.2%), PU (4.9%), polyester (4.7%), polyamide (4.3%), and styrene/butadiene (0.3%). The abundance ranged from 1.2 to 4.7 items/m 2. Additional apportionment ranged from 0.03 to 0.15 items/m 2 per day with an arithmetic mean of 0.09 ± 0.05 items/m 2 per day, mainly related to domestic waste influenced by hydrodynamic action such as longshore current and wind dynamics. Furthermore, we suggested mitigation measures focused on local action to address the plastic debris problem in Bintan beaches, which are typical of the coasts of small islands in Indonesia. Since 2015, plastic pollution has attracted public attention in Indonesia. After being declared as the second largest plastic contributor to the marine environment (Jambeck et al., 2015), through public information dissemination acts, i.e., conferences, seminars, and community action, all related stakeholders (academia, business sector, community , government, and media) enforced their roles to solve the claimed problem. However, the Indonesian Government has stipulated recent regulations through Presidential Decree No. 83 concerning waste handling in the sea, which constituted the national action plan to reducing 70% of marine plastic in the marine environment by the year 2025 (Perpres 83/2018). Nevertheless, the real data to contradict Jambeck's model are still lacking in Indonesia. Limited studies have been conducted by Indonesian scientists. Marine contamination with plastic debris has been reported in the Indonesian area by several authors. For instance, Syakti et al. (2017, 2018) reported the occurrence of macroplastics and floating microplastics in the southern part of Java in the adjacent Indian Ocean and the Bintan area. Cordova et al. (2018) reported the presence of microplastics in coral reef sediment in Lombok and in the deep sea of the southwestern Sumatra coast (Cordoba and Wahyudi, 2016). Recent studies were also conducted on the occurrence of microplastics in biota (Rochman et al. 2015; Lubis et al., 2019) and the absorbed co-pollutants, i.e., PAHs and PCBs (Bouhroum et al. 2019), as well as the impact of microplastics (Syakti et al. 2019). The present study investigated the apportionment of stranded plastic debris (macro) on Bintan Island (Fig. 1), an area in Indonesia that is close to the Ma-lacca and Singapore Straits, which is recognized as the most crowded sea-lane and a maritime traffic zone and could potentially experience a sea-based leakage of plastic from ship lines. Seven sites with different orientations and nearby activity were studied around Bintan and were classified as touristic (S1-S4), industrial (S5), and domestic (S6) harbors and/or as for industrial activities. F...

Salah satu peran penting ekosistem lamun yaitu sebagai penyerap karbon yang berasal dari atmosfer. Pulau Bintan merupakan salah satu pulau dengan hamparan padang lamun yang cukup luas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi kandungan karbon pada padang lamun yang berasal dari seluruh jenis lamun dan sedimen yang berada di perairan Berakit dan Dompak Pulau Bintan. Penentuan potensi cadangan karbon dilakukan dengan melihat estimasi cadangan karbon di dalam sedimen dan biomassa lamun meliputi bagian atas (daun dan pelepah daun) dan bagian bawah lamun (rhizome dan akar). Pengukuran stok karbon pada sedimen lamun dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pengabuan kering atau Loss on Ignation (LOI) dan kandungan karbon pada biomassa lamun diukur menggunakan metode konversi dengan konstanta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada stasiun Berakit estimasi total cadangan karbon sedimen sebesar 91 Mg Corg ha-1 dan 10,58 Mg C/m2 untuk estimasi kandungan karbon lamun, sedangkan stasiun Dompak nilai estimasi total cadangan karbon pada sedimen berkisar103,80 Mg Corg ha-1 dan 3,34 Mg C/m2 untuk estimasi kandungan karbon bagian lamun. Kandungan karbon pada substrat dipengaruhi oleh komposisi sedimen dan kandungan karbon pada lamun dipengaruhi oleh kerapatan lamun.

Mangrove forest or better known as mangrove forest is an ecosystem found in coastal waters and has an important ecological and economic role. This study aims to measure and determine the health status of mangrove forests that grow in the waters of Berakit, Bintan based on the level of tree density. The study was conducted in August to November 2019 which was conducted at twenty station points spread from the mainland to the coastal waters of Berakit. Field data collection was performed using the quadratic transect line method, 10x10 m2 plot was made along the transect line to measure the diameter of the tree at breast height (DBH) which has a trunk circumference for each mangrove tree at breast height of about 1.3 m. Mangrove health status based on the level of density of mangrove trees is included in the criteria of Good with Very Solid category. Rhizophora apiculata is a species of mangrove that grows well and has an important role in the waters of Berakit, Bintan island.

Pangkil Village is one of the areas located on the coast of Bintan Island, Teluk Bintan District. This island has an aquatic ecosystem with abundant marine resources, one of which is the mangrove ecosystem. Mangroves are the main supporting ecosystem for life activities in coastal areas that play an important role in maintaining the balance of environmental biological cycles. This study aims to determine the condition, distribution and density level of mangroves in the waters of Pangkil Village. This research was conducted in February-March 2021. The research method is purposive sampling, which means that the research station points are chosen intentionally based on the consideration of the condition of the existence of mangroves or the density of mangroves. The research station points were determined as many as 8 stations, at each station consisting of transects and at each transect consisting of 3 sample plot plots (Transect Line Plot). The density level data was collected using a line transect measuring 10x102 which was drawn from the sea to the land and the distribution of mangroves using lansat-8 imagery. The level of mangrove density in the waters of Pangkil Village is still quite good. The results of the research on the level of mangrove density in the waters of Pangkil Village are classified as good with the distribution of mangrove areas in the waters of Pangkil Village covering an area of 40.23 ha, with an average density level of 1,033 ind/ha per station to 1,733 ind/ha. with medium and solid status based on the Decree of the Minister of the Environment No. 201 year 2004.

Mapping can be used as an alternative solution to find out the distribution map of the mangrove ecosystem by utilizing remote sensing technology and can provide value to the mangrove ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to map the distribution of mangrove ecosystems on Mapur Island. Sentinel-2b image is one of the satellite imageries had performance used to analyze the distribution of mangrove ecosystems. The mapping of the distribution of mangroves on Mapur Island shows that the mangrove ecosystem is distributed from the east to the northwest of Mapur Island. The northern part of Mapur Island has a sandy substrate classification that does not allow the growth of mangroves in the area. The distribution of mangrove classification results using Sentinel Citra-2b has a high pixel value classified of 88%, the comparison the accuracy of in situ data classification of 80%. The largest mangrove density is on Mapur Island, with a value of density of 156,729 ha. Pemetaan dapat dijadikan salah satu solusi alternatif untuk mengetahui peta sebaran luasan ekosistem mangrove dengan memanfaatkan teknologi penginderaan jauh dan dapat memberikan nilai luasan ekosistem mangrove. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan pemetaan sebaran luasan ekosistem mangrove di Pulau Mapur. Citra Sentinel-2b merupakan salah satu citra yang dapat digunakan untuk menganalisis sebaran luasan ekosistem mangrove. Hasil dari pemetaan sebaran mangrove di Pulau Mapur dapat dilihat bahwa ekosistem mangrove tersebar di bagian timur hingga barat laut Pulau Mapur. Bagian utara Pulau Mapur mempunyai tipe substrat yang berpasir sehingga tidak memungkinkan tumbuhan mangrove dapat tumbuh di daerah tersebut. Sebaran mangrove hasil klasifikasi dengan menggunakan Citra Sentinel-2b memiliki nilai piksel terklasifikasi hamper sempurna adalah 88%, sedangkan akurasi klasifikasi terhadap lapangan 80%. Kerapatan mangrove di Pulau Mapur yang paling luas dengan tingkat kerapatan padat dengan luas 156.729 ha.