RESUMENCamu camu es una planta nativa de la Amazonía, que destaca por su alto contenido de vitamina C. Está en proceso de domesticación, por el cual se viene desarrollando modelos tecnológicos para lograr su desarrollo en suelos inundables y en tierra firme. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los efectos de la poda de fructificación combinados con diferentes tipos de defoliación, sobre el comportamiento productivo de plantas adultas de camu camu de 10 años de edad. El estudio fue conducido mediante un Diseño de Bloques Completos al Azar (DBCA) en esquema factorial 2Ax3B con 3 repeticiones y 16 plantas por unidad experimental, siendo el factor A: dos efectos de poda (Con poda y sin poda) y el factor B: tres tipos de defoliación (Manual, química y sin defoliación). Las variables evaluadas fueron: número y longitud de -1 brotes, n° de botones florales, nº de frutos cuajados, nº de frutos de cosecha y rendimiento de fruto en t ha . Después de haber concluido el experimento se observó que el tratamiento Defoliación manual con poda fue estadísticamente superior a los demás tratamientos, destacándose en su mayor capacidad productiva de -1 botones florales, frutos pequeños, frutos de cosecha y rendimiento en t ha con un valor promedio de 11,135; 7,867; 1,862 y 19,7 respectivamente. Según los resultados obtenidos, la poda de fructificación combinada con la defoliación manual expresó mejor comportamiento productivo y mayores índices de fructificación.PALABRAS CLAVE: Myrciaria dubia. Domesticación. Manejo agronómico. Rendimiento PRODUCTION OF CAMU CAMU WITH DIFFERENT TYPES OF PRUNING OF FRUITING AND DEFOLIATION ON THE UCAYALI REGION, PERU ABSTRACTCamu camu is a plant native to the Amazon, known for its high content of vitamin C. Is in the process of domestication, for which it has been developing models to achieve technological development in floodplain soils and land. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of pruning fruiting combined with different defoliation on productive performance of adult plants of camu camu 10 years old. The study was conducted by a Design Randomized Complete Block (RCBD) in factorial scheme 2A x 3B with 3 replications and 16 plants per experimental unit, being the factor A two effects of pruning (with pruning and without pruning) and factor B three types of defoliation (Manual, without chemical defoliation). The variables evaluation were:number and shoot length (cm), n of flower buds, n of fruit set, n fruit harvest and fruit yield in t ha . Having completed the experiment it was observed that Defoliation manual treatment with pruning was statistically superior to the other treatments, highlighting the most productive capacity of flower buds, small fruits, fruit -1 crop and yield in t ha with an average value of 11.135; 7.867; 1.862 and 19.7 respectively. According to the results, pruning fruiting combined with manual defoliation expressed better growth performance and higher rates of fruiting.
In this chapter, some of the current native fruit improvement activities in Amazonia are listed, and two cases that contrast conventional and participatory approaches are examined. The challenges for the next decade are considered. Focus was on Brazilian and Peruvian Amazonia, which constitute most of the Basin and have the greatest concentration of research and development activity.
The effect of defoliation and gibberellic acid (GA3) on the fall of the fruit in the induced period of harvest of Myrciaria dubia (camu-camu), in a flooded area on the banks of the Amazon River, Iquitos-Peru, was evaluated. The soil is clayey-silty with 2.15% organic matter, pH 6.29, 0.10% Nitrogen, 40.76 ppm Phosphorus and 228 ppm potassium. The average temperature is 27.45 ° C, relative humidity of 86% and 3111.4 mm of rain. The defoliation was carried out with NaCl solution in water (50 g.L-1). GA3, was applied every 15 days at doses of 0, 50, 100 and 150 mg.L.-1. The variables were evaluated: number of flowers per branch (FLR1-4), number of flowers per plant (FLP1-4),% of fruits retained in phase 3 (FR3),% of fruits retained in phase 5 (FR5), weight of fruits (PF), number of harvested fruits (FC), approximate yield of fruits (RAF), and the real fruit yield (RRF). The design was completely randomized (DCA), in 2x4 factorial arrangement. Defoliation significantly reduced FLP1-4 from 6938 to 3701, while GA3 did not influence that character. Defoliation significantly increased the FR3 retention, but reduced the PF and FC. GA3 significantly influenced FLR1-4, FR3 and PF. In FR5, no statistical difference was recorded for either D or GA3, nor was there significant interaction between the two defoliation and GA3 factors. For FC, RAF and RRF, highly significant differences were found for Defoliation, with superiority of non-defoliated plants but no differences were found for GA3 doses. It is concluded that in F3 the defoliation favored significantly, effect that was diluted in F5, while the application of GA3 negatively influenced this retention. Fruit yield was significantly higher in non-defoliated plants without showing significant difference between GA3 doses.
The objective was to evaluate methods for the control of the weevil (Conotrachelus dubiae) of camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia) in a floodplain plot of a farmer near Iquitos, Loreto, Peru. Twenty-eight 6-year-old plants with similar architecture and branching were selected for the study. The treatments were: adhesive tape (T1), bottle with attractive food (T2), pegant yellow sheet (T3) and control (T4) with randomized complete block design (DBCA), 7 replicates and 1 plant per experimental unit. The total number of fruits (NTF), fruits attacked by weevil (FAG), fallen fruits (FC), fruits weight (PF) and fruit yield (RF) were evaluated. Significant differences were found between treatments for NTF, FAG and FC, and no differences were found for PF. The NTF for T1, T2, T3 and T4 were: 353, 280, 143 and 125 respectively. The highest RF values corresponded to T1 (3.03 kg / pl) and T2 (2.78 kg / pl). T1 caused the lowest values of FC(16%) and FAG (22.73%). Negative correlations were found between RF versus FAG (r = -0.57) and FC (-0.73). We conclude that the most effective control against C. dubiae is the application of the trap with adhesive tapes.
The research summarized and validated the individual selection of camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh) plants. 43 progenies, previously selected in genetic tests and fields of producers of flood areas, were evaluated. Each progeny was installed in a row of 10 half-sister plants, with a space of 3x2 m. Using the SELEGEN (Reml / Blup) Model 63 program, four crops were analyzed, and individuals were selected for each of the 16 descriptors evaluated. For fruit yield, the Tipishca-Río Tigre population stood out, occupying 5 of the first 10 places. The individuals TT0725-4 (Tigre-Tipishca) turned out to be a natural recombinant for fruit yield / weight. And individual 64-8 turned out to be triple recombinant (yield / fruit weight / ascorbic acid). The descriptors with the highest genetic control with r ≥ 0.30 were: average fruit weight, brix degrees, plant height, number of basal branches and petiole length. The criteria of similarity of the morphological markers with the fruit yield are proposed as predictive indexes of productivity. The plant height at two years of age was the most important.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.