O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar uma nova metodologia para análise de imagens digitalizadas de cortes transversais de fibras musculares esqueléticas de ratos submetidos ao exercício físico em esteira rolante. Foram utilizados segmentos do músculo sóleo de ratos obtidos de cortes histológicos e corados com hematoxilina e eosina (HE). Foram avaliadas 100 fibras musculares para cada animal e medidos o perímetro, a área e os diâmetros máximo, médio e mínimo por meio do processo de segmentação de imagens digitalizadas das seções das fibras usando o programa computacional Image-Pro-Plus. As dimensões geométricas como a área, perímetro e os diâmetros mínimos, médios das seções transversais das fibras musculares revelaram-se adequados para a análise do efeito do treinamento dos ratos. A análise revelou a existência de interação entre os grupos de ratos e a duração do exercício físico. O coeficiente de correlação de Pearson foi maior entre diâmetro médio e a área das fibras (0,97) seguida pela correlação entre os diâmetros máximo e médio com o perímetro (0,93). Concluiu-se que a mensuração do grau de hipertrofia das fibras musculares pode ser feita através da determinação do diâmetro médio ou da área da seção transversal da fibra, constituindo uma metodologia adequada e eficiente especialmente para as fibras musculares com acentuado polimorfismo.
In this paper, we introduce a Bayesian analysis for a bivariate generalized exponential distribution in the presence of censored data and covariates derived from Copula functions. The generalized exponential distribution could be a good alternative to analyze lifetime data in comparison to usual existing parametric lifetime distributions as Weibull or Gamma distributions. We have being using standard existing MCMC (Markov Chain Monte Carlo) methods to simulate samples for the joint posterior of interest. Two examples are introduced to illustrate the proposed methodology: an example with simulated bivariate lifetime data and an example with a real lifetime data set.
In this work we consider a non-homogenous Poisson model to study the behaviour of the number of times that a pollutant's concentration surpasses a given threshold of interest. Spatial dependence is imposed on the parameters of the Poisson intensity function in order to account for the possible correlation between measurements in different sites. An anisotropic model is used due to the nature of the region of interest. Estimation of the parameters of the model is performed using the Bayesian point of view via Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithms. We also consider prediction of the days in which exceedances of the threshold might occur at sites where measurements cannot be taken. This is obtained by spatial interpolation using the information provided by the sites where measurements are available. The prediction procedure allows for estimation of the behaviour of the mean function of the Handling Editor:
BackgroundBrazil holds annual nationwide public campaigns to vaccinate dogs and cats against rabies. The presence of rabies antibodies in these animals, which are among the main transmitters of rabies to humans, is a good indicator that they are immunized and protected.MethodsIn the present study we analyzed 834 serum samples from dogs and cats from the Southeast of Brazil (Presidente Prudente and Dracena cities), 12 months after the 2009 vaccination campaign. We used the technique known as rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) and considered reactant those sera with values higher 0.5 IU/mL.Results and discussionReactant sample results in Presidente Prudente were 153 (51.0%) for dogs and 59 (32.6%) for cats, and in Dracena 110 (52.1%) for dogs and 71 (50.0%) for cats. We discussed vaccine coverage of animals involved in this experiment, and observed low titers < 0.5 IU/mL, especially in cats from Presidente Prudente.ConclusionAccording to the results presented in our experiment, we suggest that titers below 0.5 IU/mL are worrisome and that, for multiple reasons, animals should be immunized against rabies in the period between public vaccination campaigns. Hence, the desired vaccine coverage was not accomplished, especially among cats from Presidente Prudente.
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