Calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2 ] residues in root canals may compromise sealing of filling and endodontic treatment success. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of using rotary instrument associated with EndoActivator, EndoVac, passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), and conventional needle irrigation (CNI), in Ca(OH)2 removal from root canal, by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. Sixty-six human canines were prepared with the Protaper system up to F5 and filled with Ca(OH)2 . After 7 days, Ca(OH)2 was removed with rotary instrument F5 associated with the irrigation techniques used in each group (n = 15): GI (CNI), GII (EndoVac), GIII (EndoActivator) and GIV (PUI). In all groups 15 mL of 2.5% NaOCl and 3 mL of 17% EDTA were used for Ca(OH)2 removal. The Ca(OH)2 residues was evaluated by SEM in the middle and apical third using a system of scores. The results were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (α = 0.05). None of the techniques completely removed the Ca(OH)2 from root canals. There was no difference between EndoActivator, EndoVac and PUI (P > 0.05), but the three techniques removed more Ca(OH)2 than the CNI (P < 0,05), in the middle and apical thirds of the root canal. It was concluded that the rotary instrument combined with EndoActivator, EndoVac, and PUI was shown to be more efficient than the rotary instrument combined with the CNI in removing Ca(OH)2 from the root canal.
Aim: To compare bacterial leakage in root canals obturated with the modified single-cone, lateral condensation, and continuous wave of condensation techniques. Methods: Distobuccal root canals of maxillary molars were shaped up to ProTaper F2 and obturated with modified singlecone, lateral condensation or continuous wave of condensation technique. Two-chamber bacterial model using Enterococcus faecalis was employed for bacterial leakage evaluation for 30 days. The chi-square test was applied to evaluate differences between turbid and non-turbid samples, and the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for evaluating the time necessary for microleakage. A significance level of 5% was set for all analyses. Results: The modified single-cone technique showed leakage in 73.3% of samples, lateral condensation in 66.6%, and continuous wave of condensation in 53.3%, but there were no significant differences among the groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: It can be concluded that the modified single-cone technique shows similar sealing efficacy to that of lateral condensation and continuous wave of condensation technique.
Nas últimas duas décadas a endodontia vem sofrendo grandes avanços tecnológicos. Atrelando-se esta tecnologia aos princípios biológicos, busca-se identificar um protocolo de preparo com cada vez menos stress para o profissional, paciente e instrumentos. A anatomia radicular deve ser sempre respeitada, é ela quem dita os procedimentos técnicos de instrumentação.Sabe-se que o canal radicular não é um cone único, mas sim um complexo sistema, com áreas de achatamento e curvaturas, acarretando em interferências ao preparo. Essas regiões precisam ser corretamente instrumentadas, o que é possível com a hibridizacão das técnicas rotatória, oscilatória e manual. Com objetivo de ampliar a conicidade do canal radicular, os instrumentos rotatórios devem ser utilizados no terço cervical. A região de terço médio apresenta grandes achatamentos e para que todas as paredes do canal nessa área sejam trabalhadas adequadamente deve-se utilizar a instrumentação oscilatória. Na região apical utilizam-se as limas manuais de níquel-titânio, capazes de acompanhar as curvaturas e preparar o batente apical adequadamente. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste protocolo é definir uma técnica de instrumentação que respeite os padrões anatômicos e ofereça um preparo adequado do canal radicular, diminuindo o "stress" dos instrumentos, utilizando-se para isso a hibridização dos sistemas rotatórios, oscilatório e manual.Palavras-chave: Endodontia; Canal radicular; Instrumentação.
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