No abstract

Provider bias, including bias regarding client age, parity, and marital status, persists as an important barrier to contraceptive choice and access. Newer approaches to mitigate bias that have moved beyond training and guideline development to more fundamental behavior change show promise.

As has been shown for squamous cell carcinoma, HPV is the central cause of adenocarcinoma/adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix. The observed associations of less prevalent HPV types with cervical cancer have important implications for cervical cancer prevention strategies.

Because there were significant methodological limitations and the observed effect sizes were small, it is not appropriate to recommend any antenatal BF education.There is an urgent need to conduct RCTs study with adequate power to evaluate the effectiveness of antenatal BF education.

Background: Caesarean section is a commonly performed operation on women that is globally increasing in prevalence each year. There is a large variation in the rates of caesarean, both in high and low income countries, as well as between different institutions within these countries. This audit aimed to report rates and reasons for caesarean and associated clinical care practices amongst nine hospitals in the four South East Asian countries participating in the South East AsiaOptimising Reproductive and Child Health in Developing countries (SEA-ORCHID) project.

Active management of the third stage of labour with and without controlled cord traction: a randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial. Lancet, 379 (9827 A Metin Gülmezoglu, Pisake Lumbiganon, Sihem Landoulsi, Mariana Widmer, Hany Abdel-Aleem, Mario Festin, Guillermo Carroli, Zahida Qureshi, João Paulo Souza, Eduardo Bergel, Gilda Piaggio, Shivaprasad S Goudar, John Yeh, Deborah Armbruster, Mandisa Singata, Cristina Pelaez-Crisologo, Fernando Althabe, Peter Sekweyama, Justus Hofmeyr, Mary-Ellen Stanton, Richard Derman, Diana Elbourne SummaryBackground Active management of the third stage of labour reduces the risk of post-partum haemorrhage. We aimed to assess whether controlled cord traction can be omitted from active management of this stage without increasing the risk of severe haemorrhage.

The objectives of the Asian Osteoporosis Study (AOS) were to determine risk factors for hip fracture in men and women in four Asian countries, that is, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, and the Philippines. A total of 451 men and 725 women (aged 50 years and over) with hip fractures were compared with an equal number of community controls. A standardized questionnaire was administered by interview. The following relative risks (RRs) were found in women and men by multiple logistic regression: dietary calcium intake < 498 mg/day, 2.0 for women (95% CI, 1.5-2.8) and 1.5 for men (95% CI, 1.0 -2.2); no load bearing activity in the immediate past, 2.0 for women (95% CI, 1.4 -2.7) and 3.4 for men (95% CI, 2.3-5.1); no vigorous sport activities in young adulthood, 7.2 for women (95% CI, 4.0 -13.0) and 2.4 for men (95% CI, 1.6 -3.6); cigarette smoking, 1.5 for men (95% CI, 1.0 -2.1); alcohol consumption 7 days a week, 2.9 for women (95% CI, 1.0 -8.6) and 1.9 for men (95% CI, 1.1-3.2); fell twice or more in the last 12 months, 3.0 for women (95% CI, 1.8 -4.8) and 3.4 for men (95% CI, 1.8 -6.6); a history of fractures after 50 years of age, 1.8 for women (95% CI, 1.1-2.9) and 3.0 for men (95% CI, 1.6 -5.6); a history of stroke, 3.8 for women (95% CI, 2.0 -7.1) and 3.6 for men (95% CI, 1.8 -7.1); use of sedatives, 2.5 for women (95% CI, 1.0 -6.3) and 3.0 for men (95% CI, 1.0 -9.7); and use of thyroid drugs, 7.1 for women (95% CI, 2.0 -25.9) and 11.8 for men (95% CI,

The study regimen led to near-complete and reversible suppression of spermatogenesis. The contraceptive efficacy was relatively good compared with other reversible methods available for men. The frequencies of mild to moderate mood disorders were relatively high.