Purpose: to describe at which age do speech and language therapists consider the / l /, / ɾ /, / r / phonemes should be acquired; to describe the criteria used by speech and language therapists to consider a phoneme as acquired; and to investigate the diagnostic criteria used by these professionals. Methods: this is an analytical cross-sectional study in which an online questionnaire was completed by 151 speech and language therapists from the Metropolitan region of Chile. The questionnaire included questions regarding the aims of this study. Results: around a 30% of respondents considered the /l/ phoneme to be acquired between 3,6-4,6 years, a 72% agreed on the /ɾ/ phoneme to be acquired from 4,0 to 4,11 and a 40% declared the acquisition of the /r/ phoneme between 5,6-5,11. When determining a phoneme as acquired, a 46.3% of interviewees referred to do it only when it was produced always and a 30% declared to consider as such when produced more than 50% of the times. When exposed to a real case, respondents provided three different diagnostic options. Conclusion: results showed a wide age range in which speech and language therapists consider the lateral and rhotic phonemes to be acquired, showing no consensus. There are diverse criteria to determine when each phoneme is acquired. Similarly, different opinions were evidenced regarding when a disorder would be defined as phonologic or articulatory.

Aim: to characterize the health or education centers that work with deaf children from an early age. Methods: a survey of those in charge of centers for people with hearing loss (N=5), special schools for the deaf (N=3) and hospitals in which therapeutic intervention for people with hearing impairments (N=6) was carried out in Santiago, Chile in 2014. It consulted the characteristics of the people attended, the intervention method used at each center and information about the professionals making up each team of workers. In addition, information was compiled about whether the institution had inclusion programmes for normal or special education. Results: the majority of the institutions indicated that they had an oral focus or a variation on this. Only one used the bilingual intercultural model and another indicated that did not use oral models. The results varied concerning access to education and even to professionals, at centers of the same kind. Conclusion: the majority of the institutions indicated that they worked using the oral intervention methodology, providing fewer options for the early inclusion of bilingual intercultural education or other intervention methodologies.

Spoken language acquisition is challenging for very young deaf or hard-of-hearing children (DHH) who wear hearing aids or cochlear implants (CI). Timely decision-making for treatment is essential for these children and requires suitable assessments. Two such assessments are the Categories of Auditory Performance Index II (CAP-II) and the Speech Intelligibility Rating Scale (SIR). These have been shown to be helpful for the ongoing evaluation of developing speech perception and spoken language skills in various languages, but they are not available in Chilean Spanish. This study aimed to create a Chilean Spanish translation of the CAP-II and SIR appropriate for online self-administration by parents-caregivers in Chile to assist professionals in monitoring DHH children’s progress, considering the COVID-19 restrictions. The methods used in the process started with translating a self-report proposal from the original English versions of the CAP-II and SIR scales. Finally, the Chilean Spanish versions were tested in 107 Chilean parents-caregivers of DHH children with CIs. The results suggest these instruments are suitable for use in a Chilean context.

La inclusión social (IS) exitosa es un objetivo común de las políticas sociales, así como su implementación en personas con discapacidad. Su medición varía entre los campos de salud, educación y económico/social. En niñas y niños sordos (NNS), la existencia de una perspectiva clínica y sociocultural de la sordera con particularidades en cada campo de atención implica diversas aproximaciones a la IS, lo cual incide en las percepciones de éxito y en la proyección de una trayectoria común. El objetivo de este artículo es describir las percepciones sobre el éxito para la IS de NNS que poseen padres/cuidadores, profesionales y expertos en políticas en el País Vasco, España, y la Región Metropolitana, Chile. Se basa en un análisis cualitativo secundario desde entrevistas semi-estructuradas a 27 participantes en los territorios mencionados. El análisis se centró en tres categorías: 1) trayectoria exitosa para la IS, 2) barreras y 3) facilitadores. Los resultados muestran diversidad en la percepción de éxito en IS por parte de los diferentes actores, dependiendo del rol que ocupan en la implementación de políticas orientadas a ésta. Acceso a la información, recursos económicos, limitaciones en la industria de ayudas auditivas y organización de servicios son consideradas barreras para la IS. Mientras que políticas específicas para NNS y trabajo vinculado entre las diferentes áreas de acción facilitarían trayectorias exitosas de IS.