BackgroundThe tumor microenvironment including immune surveillance affects malignant melanoma (MM) behavior. Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) stimulates the transcription of various genes in the nucleus and plays a role in the inflammatory process and in tumorigenesis. CD8+ T cells have cytotoxic properties important in the elimination of tumors. However, inhibitory receptors on the cell surface will bind to programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), causing CD8+ T cells to lose their ability to initiate an immune response. This study analyzed the association of NF-κB and PD-L1 expression levels and CD8+ T-cell counts with depth of invasion of acral MM, which may be a predictor of aggressiveness related to an increased risk of metastasis.MethodsA retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran/Hasan Sadikin Hospital using 96 cases of acral melanoma. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on paraffin blocks using anti–NF-κB, –PD-L1, and -CD8 antibodies and invasion depth was measured using dotSlide-imaging software.ResultsThe study showed significant associations between the individual expression of NF-κB and PD-L1 and CD8+ T-cell number, with MM invasion depth. NF-κB was found to be a confounding variable of CD8+ T-cell number (p < .05), but not for PD-L1 expression (p = .154). Through multivariate analysis it was found that NF-κB had the greatest association with the depth of invasion (p < .001), whereas PD-L1 was unrelated to the depth of invasion because it depends on the number of CD8+ T cells (p = .870).ConclusionsNF-κB plays a major role in acral MM invasion, by decreasing the number of CD8+ T cells in acral MM.
Surgery is the treatment of choice for early-stage cervical cancer, whereas radiation is conducted during all stages where the malignancy remains localized to the pelvis. Various surgical techniques, such as laterally extended parametrectomy, are alternative therapy options for patients with stage II-B and I-B cervical cancer and lymph node metastases. (Pálfalvi and Ungár, 2003) Previously, these patients were referred for radiation therapy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara gambaran spektral Doppler USG transrektal Pulse Wave Doppler dengan respon klinis terapi radiasi eksternal pada kanker serviks stadium lokal lanjut (IIB-IVA). Metode: Menggunakan metode Prepost Design secara prospektif, dilakukan pemeriksaan Pulse wave Doppler menggunakan probe transrektal pada pasien kanker serviks stadium IIB-IVA. Pada pasien dilakukan pengukuran ukuran tumor secara ultrasonografi dan klinis sebagai ukuran awal tumor untuk menilai respon radiasi. Jumlah sampel adalah 60 untuk kelompok dengan hasil spektral Doppler baik dan buruk, yang dilakukan terapi radiasi eksternal dan dilakukan pengukuran masa kembali secara USG dan klinis untuk menentukan kriteria respon terapi. Hasil: Kelompok respon klinis buruk sebanyak 9 (75,0%) memiliki spektral vaskularisasi buruk dan sebanyak 3 (25,0%) memiliki spektral vaskularusasi baik sedangkan untuk respon klinis baik sebanyak 19(41,3%) memiliki spektral vaskularisasi buruk dan sebanyak 27 (58,7%) memiliki spektral vaskularisasi baik. Pada analisis dengan uji exact Fisher ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna (p<0,05) antara gambaran spectral PW Doppler transrektal dengan respon klinis terapi radiasi eksternal pada kanker serviks stadium IIB-IVA dengan nilai Relative Risk (RR) 3.214 kali. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara gambaran spektral Doppler dengan respon klinis terapi radiasi eksternal pada kanker serviks stadium IIB-IVA.
Akt is a protein that is associated with cell proliferation and is expressed at high levels in cancer cells. Some research indicates it may play a role in increasing the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy treatment. P53 is a tumor suppressor protein that influences the cell cycle and apoptosis. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the expression of Akt and p53 in cancerous tissue before chemoradiation treatment, and the clinical response to treatment of cervical cancer patients. Twenty microscopic tissue samples were taken from cervical cancer biopsies obtained from patients before cancer treatment. The tissue samples were stained with p53 and Akt antibodies via immunohistochemistry technique, to measure expression of both proteins. After completion of chemoradiotherapy, patients' clinical response to treatment was determined using the pelvic control method. Our results revealed no correlation between expression of Akt and p53 index (P = 0.74) as well as between p53 Index and chemoradiotherapy clinical response (P=0.29). There was significant correlation between expression of Akt and cervical cancer chemoradiotherapy response (P = 0.03). There was no correlation found between p53 index and chemoradiotherapy clinical response (P = 0.29). High expression of Akt may related with high cell proliferation and resistance to chemoradiotherapy.
Objective: Cytoreduction has an important role in improving the survival rate of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients. This study aimed to assess the ability of preoperative serum CA125, FASN and GLS as predictors of cytoreductive surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Results: The average values of serum CA-125, FASN, and GLS in the suboptimal cytoreduction group were higher than those in optimal cytoreduction group. The cut off point (COP) was 248.55 (p = 0.0001) with 73.2% sensitivity and 73.6% specificity for CA-125, 0.445 (p = 0.017) with 62.5% sensitivity and 60.4% specificity for FASN, and 22.895 (p = 0.0001) with 73.2% sensitivity and 75.5% specificity for GLS. The COP of CA-125 and GLS combined was 29.16 (p = 0.0001) with sensitivity 82.1% and specificity 73.6%, while the COP of CA-125, GLS, and FASN combined was 0.83 (p = 0.0001) with 87.5% sensitivity and 73.6% specificity.
Introduction: Fifteen to twenty percent of the patients with complete hydatidiform mole transform malignancy into gestational trophoblastic tumors. The marked proliferation of trophoblastic cells is one of the characteristics that determines high risk for the occurrence of post-hydatidiform mole malignancy. The objective of the study was to analyze the histopathologic feature of the marked proliferation of trophoblastic cells as a role in posthydatidiform mole malignancy that can be used as a determinant of the risk of malignancy post-hydatidiform mole. Methods: The method of the study was analytical observational with a case-control study design. The data were taken retrospectively from medical records of patients with a post-complete hydatidiform mole malignancy and patients who do not develop postcomplete hydatidiform mole malignancy (n = 34). The study took place in the
Background:The most dominant histopathologic type of ovarian cancer is epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Primary debulking surgery determines the treatment success and prognosis of advanced stage EOC. To maintain survival and progression, cancer cells need fatty acid synthase enzyme (FASN). The aim of this study was to evaluate preoperative serum FASN and CA 125 as predictors of primary debulking surgery results in patients with EOC. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was performed on consecutive patients who underwent debulking surgery for suspected ovarian cancer at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung from 2017 to 2019. Before debulking surgery, blood samples were examined for the serum levels of FASN and CA 125 using ELISA. Results: There were 53 patients enrolled in this study. Compared with the optimal debulking surgery group, the significant suboptimal debulking surgery group had significantly lower mean serum levels of FASN (0.46 ± 0.144 vs. 0.36 ± 0.128, p = 0.012) and CA 125 (964.22 ± 1722.5 vs. 264.98 ± 251.8, p = 0.002). The cutoff value was highest for the combination of FASN and CA 125 [410.06, area under the curve (AUC) = 77.5% (95% CI 65.5% to 81.9%, p = 0.001)] than for FASN alone [0.375, AUC = 71.3% (95% CI 56.8% to 85.8%, p = 0.009)] and CA 125 alone [222.5, AUC = 75.3% (95% CI 62.5% to 88.1%, p =0.002)]. Conclusion:The serum levelof FASN was correlated with suboptimal debulking surgery.
Human papillomavirus is a pathogen that directly infects cervical keratinocytes and may cause persistent infection that leads to cervical cancer. Toll like receptors (TLRs) play an essential role in initiating antiviral immune responses. Therefore, polymorphisms in TLR gene may contribute to cancer susceptibility. This study aimed to explore the TLR2 gene distribution and susceptibility to cervical cancer. In this case-control study, cervical cancer patients and their controls were recruited from the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood of patients with histopathologically confirmed cervical cancer (n=100) and from unrelated, healthy female controls (n=100) during 2011. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the TLR2 gene were genotyped on the BeadXpress Reader system (Illumina)®. Chi square test was used to calculate the role of TLR2 and susceptibility to cervical cancer. Only subjects with complete clinical and genetic data were analyzed. Analysis of TLR2 rs3804099, rs4696480 and rs5743708 of cervical cancer patients and controls showed no significant association with the cervical cancer risk (p 0. Polimorfisme Gen TLR2 dan Perkembangan Kanker Serviks AbstrakKanker serviks disebabkan oleh human papillomavirus (HPV), patogen yang dapat langsung menginfeksi keratinosit serviks secara persisten dan dapat berkembang menjadi kanker. Toll like receptors (TLR) berperan dalam merangsang respons imun, sehingga polimorfisme gen TLR dapat berkontribusi dalam kerentanan terhadap kanker. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui distribusi gen TLR2 dan peranannya terhadap kerentanan kanker serviks. Pada studi kasus kontrol, DNA genomik diekstraksi dari darah penderita kanker serviks yang terdiagnosis secara histopatologi (n=100) dan kontrol dengan Pap smear normal (n=100) tahun 2011 di Departemen Obstetri dan Ginekologi RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Pemeriksaan tiga single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) gen TLR2 dilakukan menggunakan BeadXpress Reader system (Illumina). Hanya subyek dengan data klinik dan genetik lengkap yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji chi square. Analisis dari TLR2 rs3804099, rs4696480 dan rs5743708 antara pasien dan kontrol tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna (p 0.424, p 0.275 dan p 0.209). Di antara pasien dengan klasifikasi FIGO (Fédération Internationale de Gynécologie et d'Obstétrique) tingkat rendah (FIGO I/II) dan tingkat tinggi (FIGO III/IV) juga tidak tampak perbedaan yang bermakna. Dari penelitian ini terbukti polimorfisme TLR2 tidak berperan dalam proses kerentanan maupun perkembangan terjadinya kanker serviks. Kemungkinan TLR yang lain seperti TLR 1, 3, 9 lebih berperan dalam perkembangan terjadinya kanker serviks. [MKB. 2013;45(4):257-62]
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