This paper presents an analysis of the company for the production of soft drinks wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) and indicators on biogas as a byproduct. Shown new technology of anaerobic reactors and cleaning properties of the main product - the anaerobic sludge, from which biogas released. Offered to re-evaluate the potential of using methane component of biogas. The proposed approach for the use of biogas would allow such enterprises to carry out a comprehensive approach to solving the problems of energy efficiency and the use of the significant potential of secondary energy resources.
Possibility of creation of systems of power supply for autonomous consumers based on the new hydrogen technologies using local waste as an energy resource is shown. Amount of consumed gas for production 1 Cl of electricity at supply of hydrogen obtained by electrolysis and hydrogen-containing mixture with the residual content of methane at an identical oxidizer and pressure of fuel supply are commensurable. The possibility of effective operation of a fuel cell module on hydrogen-containing fuel (received from biogas) with the residual content of methane and the possibility of reach modes of effective use of fuel were confirmed. The consumption mixture with residual methane (2% vol.) is comparable (within 5%) with the required amount of hydrogen produced by electrolysis to generate the identical power at a predetermined time interval. The use of relatively cheap hydrogen-fuel derived from biogas from local secondary renewable resources can contribute to the creation of autonomous economical systems of power supply.
Based on the research of the fuel cell in the direct supply of hydrogen fuel with residual methane content (2-7%) confirmed the possibility of the fuel system operation in an efficient mode. The possibility of using a considerable potential "weak" biogas with a relatively low concentration of organic ingredients to produce electricity and heat in autonomous power engineering is shown. Energy potential reserve the purged fuel markedly increases with the content of methane in the original fuel and increases the role of the thermal component of the divided energy flow to about 20-26%. Integrated use of fuel energy potential with residual methane content allows to provide total effective efficiency ~ 40%. Possibility of electricity generation on the basis of complex use of organic and hydrogen fuel at creation of objects of distributive systems of power supply will approach energy sources to the consumer, having increased energy-economic indicators and efficiency of fuel use.
This paper presents the results of relatively cheap hydrogenous fuel usage as an energy material for energy supply stand-alone environmentally friendly systems creation. Usage of fuel cells running on hydrogenous fuel is a promising direction in creation of stand-alone power supply systems in low-rise residential development. Presented thermodynamic calculations and material balance data for electric and thermal components assessment in considered ways to use convention products, performance enhancement in tandem system based on fuel cells with full heat regeneration. The total effective efficiency of the tandem installation including the fuel converter, separating system, high-temperature fuel cell, low-temperature fuel cell is higher than for each of the fuel cell elements separately. Distribution of H2 for LTFC and HTFC is determined in compliance with the conditions of the positive heat balance to compensate the heat used for the endoenergic reaction in the converter, input stream heating and heat losses. The total effective efficiency under making full use of recovered heat for considered tandem system depends on the efficiency of its constituent fuel cells. Energetically effective distribution of H2 on streams of high-temperature and low-temperature oxidation according to a position of observance of positive thermal balance on an external contour of tandem system, is reached by operation of HTFC electric efficiency in the range of 50 ÷ 55%.
This paper presents the results of experiments and calculations of the energy expenses in tandem system reformer - fuel cell on hydrogenous fuel derived from biogas. Possibility of electricity generation based on complex use of organic and hydrogenous fuel at creation of objects of distributive systems of power supply will approach energy sources to the consumer, having increased energy-economic indicators and efficiency of fuel use. A promising direction in the creation of autonomous power supply systems in low-rise residential development is the use of fuel cells running on hydrogenous fuel derived from biogas Expenses of hydrogen fuel to operate the power installation with a predetermined capacity comparable with the required amount of hydrogen obtained by electrolysis. The calculated value of the efficiency of the system reformer - fuel cell, based on data on the required quantity of biogas and methane, as well as numerical characteristics of workflows fuel system, equal to 38.4%, confirms the relatively high efficiency of the use of hydrogenous fuel for the tasks of autonomous power supply. Usage of relatively low-cost hydrogen-containing fuel obtained from biogas from local secondary renewable resources will contribute to the creation of autonomous economic systems of power supply.
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