The aim of this paper was to describe the organic production system in the national and international scenarios. The analysis focused on organic food market, food consumption, characteristics of farmers, nutritional value, and sensorial aspects of organic and conventional food. Regarding organic food cultivation areas, Oceania holds the largest percentage (35%) of the world's area. Brazil exports almost the total amount of its national production mainly to the North American and European markets. Organic agriculture is characterized by engaging a large number of small and medium producers. Health, as well as food and nutritional security, are two common reasons strongly related to organic food consumption. Based on this study, it is possible to conclude that organic production is expanding, and countries like Brazil show a prominent worldwide position regarding planted area, contributing to food security since organic food is identified as healthier food.
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