Incidence of IFIS was significantly higher in tamsulosin and doxazosin patients. The presence of IFIS was associated with a significantly higher complication rate. We would advise that all patients receiving α1 antagonists (not only those receiving tamsulosin) should be identified preoperatively, receive appropriate modifications in preparation, and have alternative techniques and a senior surgeon available at the time of surgery.
Clinical dental work is placing increasing demands on a clinician's vision as new techniques that require fine detail become more common. High hand-eye coordination requires good visual acuity as well as other psychological and neurological qualities such as stereopsis. Stereopsis (three-dimensional vision) is the highest form of depth perception obtained by visual disparity of images formed in the retinas of two eyes. It is believed to confer functional benefits on everyday tasks such as hand-eye coordination. Although its role in depth perception has long been established, little is known regarding the importance of stereopsis in dentistry. This article reviews the role of stereopsis in everyday life and the available literature on the importance of stereopsis in dentistry.
Precis:
As the only microinvasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) with a reusable component, the cost per procedure of endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) diminishes with each successive use. We present a cost comparison of ECP with other MIGS devices, based on our clinical practice.
Purpose:
ECP delivers diode laser via a reusable probe to the ciliary processes under direct visualization. The aim of our study is to evaluate the direct cost of ECP based on a retrospective review of cases and compare the cost per procedure with other MIGS devices.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective review of ECP procedures performed at St Thomas’ Hospital over 4.5 years. The cost of the ECP endoscope and diode laser consoles, reusable probes, and maintenance contracts were obtained from the hospital procurement log. The on-site Central Sterile Services Department was contacted for probe sterilization and repackaging costs. The cost per device for ECP and commonly performed MIGS procedures were obtained from the product specialists of each company.
Results:
A total of 332 procedures were performed using 37 ECP probes during the study period. Each reusable ECP laser probe was found to give an average of 8.97 laser treatments. The cost per procedure decreased over the course of 4.5 years from £819.43 for the first 42 cases to £341.50 after 332 cases. Compared with other MIGS devices, the cost per procedure of ECP after 100 procedures is second lowest to the Kahook Dual Blade and reduces with each successive procedure performed.
Conclusion:
The ability to reuse each ECP probe significantly lowers the cost per procedure compared with other MIGS devices in the United Kingdom. The cost per procedure continues to reduce with each successive procedure.
The results demonstrate cyclopentolate 1% spray is less distressing at the time of administration than cyclopentolate 1% drops for children 7 years or younger. However, the cycloplegia achieved is not adequate in a high percentage of children.
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