The increasing prevalence of sepsis from gram-positive bacterial pathogens necessitates further evaluation of the basic assumptions about the molecular pathogenesis of septic shock. Since diverse physiological functions of gram-positive bacteria are controlled by the degree of esterification of teichoic acids with D-alanine, we examined the reactivity of monosaccharide esters in which anomerically free or protected D-glucose is linked through its C-6 hydroxy group to either phenylalanyl or tyrosyl residues as models for teichoic acid fragment. We show that the attached sugar moiety induces activation of the amino acid residue. Due to the enhanced reactivity of the NH2 group in the monosaccharide esters studied, the formation of products generated by intramolecular and intermolecular glycation reactions is accelerated resulting in heterogeneous mixture of compounds. These findings suggest that, if similar adducts are formed by glycation of D-alanine in teichoic acid of gram-positive bacteria, they should be examined as potential bioactive ligands or chemical message for infection.
Within the framework of the European project Wall-ACE a large-scale laboratory test (EOTA-Wall Test) was performed. Additional a test field in Switzerland was equipped with six different aerogel renders by the project partner AGITEC. Laboratory walls and test field were equipped with sensors to monitor in real-time climate, heat flux, temperature, relative humidity, and at the laboratory tests additional material moisture. The data allow calculating U-values and material parameters as well as drying behaviour of render and substrate. During and after the artificial weathering in laboratory the renders were subjected to visual inspection and mechanical adhesion tests. The performance of the aerogel renders will be assessed and compared with results on conventional insulation renders.
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