Resumen: El propósito general de esta investigación fue comprobar los posibles efectos psicológicos de la práctica del Método Pilates y, en particular, las consecuencias sobre el grado de ansiedad experimentado. Éste es un método de entrenamiento físico enfocado a la mejora de la higiene postural y del bienestar psicológico, altamente recomendado en la actualidad por los profesionales sanitarios, tanto para personas con patologías diagnosticadas como con fines preventivos. Hasta el momento se han comprobado los beneficios físicos y psicológicos asociados a la práctica regular de actividad física. Sin embargo, se han realizado pocos estudios sobre los efectos concretos del Método Pilates. En el presente trabajo se examinó la ansiedad (estado y rasgo) en un grupo sedentario y otro grupo practicante habitual de este método (estudiantes, personal y usuarios de las instalaciones deportivas de la Universidad de Murcia, España). Para evaluar la ansiedad se utilizó el Cuestionario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo (STAI) de Spielberger, Gorsuch y Lushene (2002). Se discuten las repercusiones que los resultados de este trabajo pueden tener en la promoción de la salud en el ámbito universitario y su contribución a la salud pública. Palabras clave: promoción de la salud; Método Pilates; actividad física; deporte; efectos psicológicos; ansiedad; estudiantes; universidad.Title: Psychological effects of the practice of Pilates Method in a university sample. Abstract: The overall purpose of this research was to test the possible psychological effects of the practice of Pilates and, in particular, the effect on the degree of anxiety experienced. This is a method of physical training aimed at improving postural hygiene and psychological well-being, highly recommended today by health professionals, both for people with diagnosed diseases and for preventive level. So far, the physical and psychological benefits associated with regular physical activity practice have already been demonstrated. However, only a few studies have investigated the specific effects of the Pilates Method. This paper examined the anxiety (state and trait) in a sedentary group and in another group of usual practitioners of this method (staff, students, and users of sports facilities at the University of Murcia, Spain). The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) of Spielberger, Gorsuch and Lushene (2002) was used to assess anxiety. The implications that the results of this work can have from the perspective of health promotion in the university are discussed, as well as its contribution to public health. Key words: health promotion; Pilates Method; physical activity; sport; psychological effects; anxiety; students; university. 1*) IntroducciónCuando abordamos el tema de Salud Pública, uno de los objetivos prioritarios es la promoción de la salud, entendida no como la ausencia de enfermedad, sino como un estado de bienestar físico, mental y social, tal y como actualmente la define la OMS.Entre las medidas de promoción de la salud, y en un intento de reducir los principa...
The purpose of our research was to explore the role of both parents’ use of behavioural regulation with food and children’s emotional self-regulation in young children with and without overweight/obesity. For this purpose, 123 participants (n = 62 boys and n = 61 girls) were recruited and classified into two groups by their Body Mass Index (BMI, non-overweight vs. overweight/obese) and into two age groups (four years and seven years). The children’s parents/primary caregivers completed two scales of the Childhood Obesogenic Behaviours’ Questionnaire (COBQ). The participants were measured and weighed to calculate their BMI to identify overweight, obesity, and non-overweight. The results showed that the means for children who were obese/overweight were significantly higher than those of children who were non-overweight for both the parents’ behavioural regulation scale (non-overweight: M = 1.80, SD = 0.69; overweight/obesity: M = 2.94, SD = 0.85) and the child’s emotional overeating scale (non-overweight: M = 1.47, SD = 0.56; overweight/obesity: M = 2.65, SD = 0.87). No statistically significant differences were found related to age (4 and 7 years), indicating that the potential impact of obesogenic behaviours starts early in development. Similarly, no differences by gender were found. Due to the implications of obesity for physical and mental health, and the high probability of maintaining this overweight status in the long term, family-based interventions to prevent obesity are highly advisable from birth.
Articulation disorders are deficiencies in the realization of speech sounds unrelated to organic or neurological disorders. Over the last decade, there has been a debate on the efficiency of non-verbal oro-motor exercises, which are orofacial movements programmed and organized in an intentional and coordinated way to control lips, tongue, and soft palate muscles. Of the 122 children evaluated, 52 presented articulatory difficulties. An intervention with nonverbal oro-motor exercises was applied, and children were again assessed following treatment. The results showed no differences between the experimental and control groups, either in the number of sounds that improved after this period or in the severity of difficulties (we categorized those with articulation difficulties in two to six sounds as ‘medium’ and those with difficulties in articulating more than seven sounds as ‘severe’). These results indicated that nonverbal oro-motor exercises alone are not efficient for intervention in difficulties in the realization of sounds in 4-year-old children.
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