The issue of the future of Europe is becoming increasingly important what with the depth of the economic crisis that started in 2008. In addition to a continuous growth in the number of the unemployed, the crisis particularly emphasizes the chronic level of energy dependence. The energy saving measures (energy efficiency), diversification of sources (stability of supply), and the creation of substitutes in renewable energy (energy transition), intertwine with administrative measures and form the response of European countries to the growing energy dependence. At the same time, although facing the threatening warming (or cooling) of the Earth, Europe, as a big advocate of reducing CO2 remains passively dependent on NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) policy in the field of defense in the context of energy dependence. However, for the first time after many decades, Europe and America do not have the same energy, and consequently geo-strategic objective: The US has become energy independent while Europe is chronically energy dependent.
Rad analizira geopolitičke i geostrateške implikacije činjenice da su SAD postale energetski nezavisne, za razliku od hronično energetski zavisne Zapadne Evrope, te da zbog toga po prvi put posle više decenija transatlantski partneri nemaju podudarne ciljeve politike energetske bezbednosti. Globalna ekonomska kriza od 2008. godine označava prekretnicu u razvoju zapadnoevropskih zemalja. Pored opšte deindustrijalizacije, prezaduženosti, stalnog rasta broja nezaposlenih, krizu dodatno produbljuje značajan stepen hronične energetske zavisnosti. Zapadnoevropske zemlje, pre svega zemlje Evropske unije, uvele su brojne administrativne mere kao institucionalni odgovor na rastuću energetsku zavisnost i kombinuju ih sa merama štednje energije (energetska efikasnost), diverzifikacije izvora (sigurnost snadbevanja) i ulaganjem u obnovljive izvore energije (energetska tranzicija). Autorka posebno naglašava da pred pretećim zagrevanjem (ili hlađenjem) planete, Zapadna Evropa kao veliki zagovornik smanjenja emisije ugljen-dioksida ostaje pasivno zavisna od politike NATO-a u domenu odbrane i nove geopolitičke dinamike povezane sa energetskom zavisnošću posmatranom u funkciji osiguranja postojanog privrednog rasta. Ključne reči: energetska zavisnost, energetska bezbednost, energetska tranzicija, energetska diplomatija, klimatske promene. 279 RASPRAVE I ČLANCI 1 Autorka je viši istraživač u ATOS Juris-u i nezavisna konsultantkinja za pitanja energetske bezbednosti iz Pariza.
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