Children abandoned to institutions display a host of developmental delays, including those involving general cognition and language. The majority of published studies focus on children over 3 years of age; little is known about whether these delays may be detected earlier when children undergo rapid lexical development. To investigate the early language development of children raised in institutional settings in the Russian Federation, we compared a group of children in institutional care (n = 36; 8-35 months) to their agematched peers raised in biological families, who have never been institutionalized (n = 72) using the Russian version of the CDI. The results suggest that institutionalization is associated with pronounced delays in children's early language development with large and robust effect sizes. Among children with a history of institutionalization, these delays are also associated with difficulties in Daily Living skills, communication, and socialization. Statement of contributionWhat is already known on this subject? Children with a history of institutional care lag behind peers on language development Most of the previous data were derived from samples of international adoptees; Earlier studies were conducted with children aged 30 months and older; and Participants primarily were children who left institutions.
The article analyzes the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory (CDI) as a means of research and diagnostics of children's speech in different languages. It takes into account the data from Stanford University websites, which deal with findings resulted from the analysis of completed questionnaires. The sites provide abundant information concerning adaptations of this tool for more than 100 languages and a database of children's passive and active lexicons for 29 languages (including Russian). Moreover, on the basis of 23 languages, they show unique and universal character of word usage in the speech of young learners studying several different languages simultaneously. This article also provides research findings on the bilingual children’s early vocabulary (with Russian as the Heritage language) under the RFBR grant No. 19-012-00293.
Summary IntroductionThe article presents emergence of case marking on nouns and development of case meanings within one month in the acquisition of Russian. For this purpose density recordings of 1;9 were extracted from longitudinal data of Liza E. As revealed by the analysis, within less than one month the in ections of all cases occur in singular. Data show that the emergence of case marking and case meanings take place parallel to a continuous use of one-word utterances. Rich in ectional morphology (being combined with su cient lexicon) compensates for the poverty of argument structure and the complexity of an utterance. The child does not need several components in the utterance to make it clear.Aim of the study Beyond a descriptive goal, this study aims at tracing order of the emergence of case meanings at age 1;09 with one child. At the same time it gives brief information about the early lexicon, number of components of utterances and lexical spurt in nouns and case meanings around age 1;09. Materials and methodsLongitudinal videotaped recordings of Liza E. at the age of one month were used. All density recordings from 1;09 were divided according to the equal intervals, so that the occurrence of all case forms and meanings during 27 days was traced. ResultsThe data provide evidence for the emergence of all case forms and a broad range of case meanings within approx. one month. This intensive increase within a relatively short period of time can be called an in ectional spurt in noun case in ection and case meanings. Earlier, at 1;08, a vocabulary spurt in Liza was documented. The intensive development in the domain of the lexicon and noun morphology around 1;09 was not documented for syntax: the number of utterance components stayed at the level of one or two words. Thus, our empirical data do not corroborate the co-development hypothesis of Rispoli (1999), who proposes co-development of case marking and agreement of subjects with verbs.The order of the emergence of cases is NOM, ACC, LOC, GEN, DAT, and INST. These case meanings occur gradually, despite the restricted interval between their rst occurrences. ConclusionsOur empirical data do not corroborate the co-development hypothesis of Rispoli (1999), who proposes the co-development of case marking and agreement of subjects with verbs. We presented only the initial occurrences of case meanings and did not treat the contrastive case oppositions, so the question about factors determining the acquisition of a given form or category stays beyond the scope of the present article. The order of occurrence of case forms and meanings in general does corroborate previous ndings on the acquisition of cases in other languages (see, for example (Szagun 2004;Tracy 1986; Voeikova, Dressler 2002)).
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.