Parental and familial factors influence numerous aspects of adolescents’ lives, including their physical activity level (PAL). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in PAL which occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to evaluate influence of sociodemographic and parental/familial factors on PAL levels before and during pandemic in adolescents from Bosnia and Herzegovina. The sample included 688 adolescents (15–18 years of age; 322 females) who were tested on two occasions: in January 2020 (baseline; before the COVID-19 pandemic) and in April 2020 (follow-up; during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown). Variables included PAL (measured by the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents–PAQ-A) as well as sociodemographic-, parental-, and familial factors. A significant decline in PALs was recorded between baseline and follow-up (t-test: 11.88, p < 0.001). Approximately 50% of adolescents underwent sufficient PAL at baseline, while only 24% of them were achieving sufficient PAL at the time of follow-up measurement. Paternal education was positively correlated (OR (95%CI): baseline: 6.63 (4.58–9.96), follow-up: 3.33 (1.19–7.01)), while familial conflict was negatively correlated (baseline: 0.72 (0.57–0.90), follow-up: 0.77 (0.60–0.99)) with PALs before and during the pandemic. This study highlights the importance of the parent–child relationship and parental/familiar support in promoting physical activity both during regular life and during crises and health challenging situations like the COVID-19 pandemic.

Cavar, M, Marsic, T, Corluka, M, Culjak, Z, Cerkez Zovko, I, Müller, A, Tschakert, G, and Hofmann, P. Effects of 6 weeks of different high-intensity interval and moderate continuous training on aerobic and anaerobic performance. J Strength Cond Res XX(X): 000-000, 2018-To provide practical data, we compared the training effects of 3 different programs, using a shuttle run stimulus, on aerobic and anaerobic performance, measured using the 20-m maximal shuttle run (Beep) test and 300-yd shuttle run, respectively. Forty-five physically trained men, with a mean age of 21.1 ± 1.8 years, participated. The 6-week, 12-session training programs included 2 high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols, with either a short (SH) or long (LH) shuttle run interval, and a continuous shuttle run (CON), which was used as a control. The training intensity was based on the maximal shuttle run speed (MASS), measured on the Beep test, to elicit the relevant values of the time to exhaustion (TTE). Short (SH) training was performed at 115-120%(MASS), with a 10-second work to 10-second rest scheme, and the number of repetitions to be completed set to 70% of each participant's maximum (∼15 repetitions). LH training was performed at an intensity of 90-95%(MASS), with the duration set to 70%(TTE) (∼4 minutes). For both SH and LH, 3 sets were completed at each session, with a 2-3 minutes of rest between sets. CON training consisted of continuous shuttle running for 35 minutes at an intensity of 70%(MASS). Both SH and LH yielded a large training effect (p < 0.01), with SH preferentially improving anaerobic performance and LH preferentially improving aerobic performance. No effect of CON training was identified. Our findings indicate that these different training protocols cannot be used interchangeably and that the Beep test is useful in prescribing the intensity and duration of HIIT.

A B S T R A C T This investigation was aimed at gaining relevant knowledge about the attitudes of Podgorica consumers toward advertising through sport among. The sample included 330 students from Faculty of Economics in UvodZaključci pionirskih studija iz navedene oblasti koji su objavljeni od strane Bauer-a i Greiser-a (Popović, 2011) i Lutz-a (Klačar, i Popović, 2010) pokrenuli su ideje koje se odnose na činjenicu da stavovi potrošača prema reklmairanju predstavljaju jedan od značajnih faktora koji mogu ojačati efikasnost reklamnih kampanja, uglavnom zbog razloga da kognitivna sposobnost potrošača prema reklamiranju jeste sadržana u njihovim osjećanjima i mislima (Muratović, Bjelica, & Popović, 2014). Ako se nastavi sa istraživanjem ovog pitanja i ode se mnogo dublje, zanimljivo je da se primjećuje postojanje brojnih studija koje su istraživali stavove potrošača prema reklamiranju, ali većina njih smatra stavove potrošača prema reklamiranju samo uopšteno (Bjelica, i Popović, 2011;Popović, 2011b;Popović, Molnar, i Radovanović, 2011a;Popović, Matić, Milašinović, Jakšić, & Bjelica, 2015a; Popović, Matić, Milašinović, Hadžic, Milošević, i Bjelica, 2015b; Popović, Matić, Milašinović, Vujović, Milošević, i Bjelica, 2015c). U svakom slučaju, neki od njih su zaključili da su stavovi prema reklamiranju pokazali negativan trend tokom 1960-ih i 1970-ih (Popović, Bjelica, Jakšić, & Georgiev, 2013Popović, 2015;Popović, & Milašinović, 2016), dok su drugi pronašli povoljnije stavove ispitanika u istom periodu (Popović, 2011). Ove nedosljednosti su navele na sumnju da reklamne kampanje koje koriste elemente iz specificnih medijuma utiču na stavove potrošača prema reklamiranju u skladu sa tim (Popović, 2011). Neki autori su vjerovali da je jedan od najrelevantnijih medija, upravo sport, odnosno sportisti i njihovi timovi, sportski događaji i sportski objekti (Bjelica i Popović, 2011), uglavnom iz razloga sto ovi elementi mogu da utiču na stavove potrošača i naprave značajne oscilacije kod stavova u poređenju sa ostalim elementima (Bjelica, Popović, Jakšić, Hadžic, & Akpinar, 2014b; Bjelica, i Popović, 2015a;Bjelica, & Popović, 2015b; Bjelica, Gardašević, Vasiljević, & Popović, 2016a; Bjelica, Gardašević, Vasiljević, &Popović, 2016c; Bajramović, Zorić, & Mašanović, 2018; Gardašević, Bajramović, & Mašano-vić, 2018;Zorić, Gardašević, & Bajramović, 2018). Iz tog razloga, mnogi istraživaci priznaju sport kao nezavisnu reklamnu platformu koju poslovni subjekti mogu koristiti kako bi prevazisli negativne stavove potrošača prema reklamiranju. Samim tim se postavilo i pitanje, kako posmatranje sportskih događaja utiče na stavove potrošača prema reklamiranju u sportu kao jedan od niza problema sa kojim se nije susretalo mnogo autora do sada

It is proposed that potential consumers form attitudes based on advertising through sport can influence decisions to purchase a particular advertiser's product. From this reason, it is important to analyse their general attitudes toward advertising through sport among various questions, and this investigation was aimed at gaining relevant knowledge about the attitudes of Mostar consumers toward advertising through sport among. The sample included 228 respondents, divided into six subsample groups: consumers, who do not watch sports events at all, then consumers who watch sports events 1-30 minutes, next 31-60 minutes, 61-90 minutes, 91-120 minutes, as well as consumers who watch sports events more than 120 minutes during the typical day. The sample of variables contained the system of three general attitudes which were modelled by seven-point Likert scale. The results of the measuring were analysed by multivariate analysis (MANOVA) and univariate analysis (ANOVA) and Post Hoc test. Based on the statistical analyses it was found that significant differences occur at multivariate level, as well as between all three variables at a significance level of p=.006. Hence, it is interesting to highlight that it was found there are significant differences showed up between the attitudes of consumers toward advertising through sport among the frequency of watching sports events. These results are so important for the marketers, mostly due to the reason they can't merge all the potential consumers regarding the frequency they watch the sports events. On the other hand, this is the case in previous investigations and this observation presents relevant information.

A B S T R A C TThe aim of this research was to determine the differences among the top football players of the two best Montenegrin club FC Sutjeska-Niksic and FC Budućnost-Podgorica