The purposc oftis study !a$ to investigate ths kinetic and kinernatic propcrtie of the lorrer extremity durirry the phases of the rwualkirg gait as defined by the rules and compare ttr€se to normal walki$ and ruaning Cine.matogrgphic and force plate data werc gatherEd from l0 compotitivc racoualkers underfour gail conditio$. Temporat Fram€*ert" angular displacements of the lower extremity, ground reaction forces, patb of thc center of pr€lisur€, and the joint forcs during the four gait conditions were corryrared $ing a repeatd measures analysis of variane. Racwalkcrs exhi6;1sd significanrly inrreased (P < 0.0t) mafimal ankle dorsiflexion, maximal knec extension, angular di5gacernents of the pelvis, rnedial goundtoot reaction'forces, peak plantar flexion momeat, and ertemal peak knee hyperextcnsion momert rhaa did rralking or running Based upon the results of this inr,rsiigation, it was deteflninsd that rhe git of racuratking exhibits some biom* chanical charactrri$tks,which arcdiffercnt ftom ttre gair of wdkirrS or running BTOMECTIANICS, GAIT ANALYSI$, RACEWALKING, KINETICS. KINEMATICS * oeptc,ll br n,btietln MadL rgE6.
Alterations in skeletal muscle blood flow can greatly influence exercise performance. Brief periods of arterial hypoperfusion and subsequent hyperemia (hypoperfusion-hyperemia) have been shown to decrease the rate of skeletal muscle fatigue in a model of repeated, isometric wrist flexion exercise. However, the mechanism by which hypoperfusion-hyperemia influences dynamic motor skills remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of brief hypoperfusion-hyperemia (by femoral cuff occlusion) on repetitive vertical jump performance. Recreationally trained men and women (n = 10, mean +/- SD age, 25 +/- 2 years), performed 2 randomly assigned jumping trials, each consisting of 40 maximal effort vertical jumps. Jump height was videotaped on a Sony digital video recorder and analyzed with the Scion Images program. Trial 1 consisted of 40 vertical jumps without femoral artery occlusion. Trial 2 consisted of 40 vertical jumps preceded by femoral artery cuff occlusion for 90 seconds at 200 mm Hg, followed by 10 seconds of hyperemia before jumping. For both trials, the rate of decline in power output in men and women was approximately 20%. Hypoperfusion-hyperemia had no significant effect on vertical jumping power output, perhaps because additional muscle groups used to jump vertically (e.g., gluteals and arms) were not occluded. These results warrant further research on the effect of hypoperfusion-hyperemia on strength and power measures.
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