Graduate students submit academic papers at the end of the term as part of their coursework. Such papers contain introduction moves which may be troublesome and conclusion moves which may contain sub-moves not really required. This paper is aimed at assessing what particular moves are employed in the introduction and conclusion sections of 21 graduate research papers submitted in one leading university in Manila. Ten of these were written by MA students while 11 were written by Ph.D. students. The study employed the framework proposed by Swales and Feak (1994) pertaining to moves in research paper introductions and Yang and Allison's (2003) framework for analyzing the conclusion section. Findings revealed that in the introduction section, all MA and PhD students employed Move 1 with majority employing 2-3 sub-moves. With regard to Move 2, 10 of the 21 papers employed the sub-move Indicating a gap; three employed the sub-move Counter-claiming; the rest did not employ any sub-move at all. With respect to Move 3, results showed that the most commonly used sub-moves were Outlining purposes and Announcing present research. Finally with regard to the conclusion section, most writers employed Moves 1, 3 and 2, in that order. However, the sub-move evaluating methodology was not at all utilized as part of Move 2.
This paper is aimed at examining the Rizal Park hostage-taking incident from the lens of forensic linguistics that looks into crime management. The incident happened on August 23, 2010 in Manila, Philippines when a tourist bus loaded with 20 Hong Kong nationals was hijacked by a disgruntled former officer of the Philippine National Police by the name of Rolando Mendoza. Employing the DIAMOND model of Grubb et al. (2020), FBI's Behavioral Change Stairway Model (BCSM), andHammer's (2007) S.A.F.E. model, the study analyzed the stages in the negotiation process employed by the negotiators, the relationship-building process and the communicative dynamics of the hostage-taking incident. Findings revealed that the stages of negotiation in the DIAMOND model were not all carried out. Following the BCSM model, the negotiators were not able to build empathy with the hostage-taker. Communicative dynamics as reflected in the S.A.F.E. model was not likewise successful as pertinent information was not transmitted with maximum effectiveness. The poor handling of the incident and the failure of the negotiation led to the eventual death of innocent people, including the hostage-taker himself and the issuance by the Hong Kong government of a 'black' travel alert for the Philippines. It is hoped that with this study, a more effective and efficient way of managing crime incidents in the country can be carried out to avoid further disasters.
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