FormulationConsider the advective-dispersive transport of a passive solute through porous geological formations characterized by translational invariance. Translational invariance signifies the 623

This paper proposes a methodological approach to the re-use of reservoir sediments for coastal nourishment. The proposed approach represents a point of convergence between water and sediment management, coastal protection from erosion and the re-use of sediments dredged from reservoirs. In particular, this study indicates a general protocol of actions and a reference legislative scenario for the use of sediment from reservoirs for beach nourishment as an alternative to sediment from sea caves or land caves. Quantitative characterization of reservoir sediments and their qualitative characterization are the fundamental steps to define the compatibility between reservoir sediment and beach sand. The study was applied to a real case of Southern Italy known as the Guardialfiera Reservoir.

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Abstract:The three-dimensional structure of river flow and the presence of secondary currents, mainly near walls, often cause the maximum cross-sectional velocity to occur below the free surface, which is known as the "dip" phenomenon. The present study proposes a theoretical model derived from the entropy theory to predict the velocity dip position along with the corresponding velocity value. Field data, collected at three ungauged sections located along the Alzette river in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and at three gauged sections located along three large rivers in Basilicata (southern Italy), were used to test its validity. The results show that the model is in good agreement with the experimental measurements and, when compared with other models documented in the literature, yields the least percentage error.

This paper shows how an exact analytical solution for the transient‐state spatial moments of the cross‐sectional average tracer concentration in large open channel flows can be derived from the depth‐averaged advection‐diffusion equation resorting to the method of Green's functions, without any simplifying assumption about the regularity of the actual concentration field, the smallness of the fluctuations, or the large space‐time scale of variation of the average concentration gradient (justifying the a priori localization of the problem), which were the basis of the classic Taylor dispersion theory. The results reveal that in agreement with the findings by Aris (1956) and later by others for flows within a conduit, there are an initial centroid displacement and a variance deficit dependent on the specific position and dimension of the initial injection. The second central moment asymptotically tends to the linearly increasing function predictable on the basis of Taylor's classic theory, and the skewness, which is constantly zero for the cross‐sectionally uniform injection, in the case of nonuniform initial distributions tends to slowly vanish after having reached a maximum. Thus, the persistent asymmetry exhibited by the field concentration data, as well as the retardations and the accelerations in the peak trajectory, can be justified without making any a priori assumption about the physical mechanism underlying their appearance, like transient storage phenomena, just by rigorously solving the governing equation for the cross‐sectional average concentration in the presence of nonuniform, asymmetrically located solute injections.