This study investigates whether differences (a) in word-internal morphological structure and (b) in lexical stress patterns are reflected in prosodic constituent structure, by examining duration measurements in Scottish English. In Experiments 1 and 2, at a slow speech rate, stem-final rhymes followed by Level II suffixes were on average 4–6% longer than corresponding strings in monomorphemic words, and 7–8% longer than stem-final rhymes followed by Level I suffixes. These results are consistent with the view that stems preceding Level II suffixes are mapped onto prosodic words in the prosodic representation. Experiment 3 obtained no reliable durational differences, even at a slow speech rate, between the initial syllable rhymes of SS words and SW words, which does not provide evidence for the hypothesis that these different stress patterns are represented as differences in foot structure.
The present study shows an asymmetric behaviour between an F0 cue and a durational cue in a post-FOCUS part of an utterance in Tokyo Japanese. Though F0 resetting which marks the left edge of a Major Phonological Phrase is missing at the left edge of a post-FOCUS clause boundary, word-final lengthening which marks the right edge of an Intonational Phrase is retained there. Based on this observation, Headless Post-FOCUS IP Structure is proposed, and such prosodic structure is argued to be compatible with not only the facts obtained in this study but also the theory of FOCUS and prosodic prominence.
These days, customer not only selects a yukata from marketed yukata, but she also orders a custom-made yukata. When customer orders a yukata, it is necessary to show her favorite yukata to a designer. But if she has ambiguous image for her favorite yukata, it is hard to show her favorite design. We propose a yukata design system using an Interactive Genetic Algorithm (IGA). The proposed system is for designing a yukata to suit user's taste. From the assessment experiment of the system it was found that the proposed system proved to be effective in the designing of a yukata. In addition, we proposed additional functions that allow obi color mutation partially in search for the solution. And further experiments were carried out for the verification. The results indicated the effectiveness of the additional functions.
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