The aim of this research is to examine how the coronavirus, which has become a global process, has affected the labour market. The goal is to confirm or reject the hypothesis that there has been an increase in unemployment since the beginning of the pandemic. Also, the aim is to answer the research question whether social dialogue has managed to mitigate the negative effects of the coronavirus (COVID-19). Analytical and descriptive methods were used in this research. The scientific research presented in this paper makes a significant contribution to the study of the impact of the coronavirus on the regions, economic activity and unemployment. The paper presents data on the number of the (un)employed in the world before the beginning of the pandemic and after the end of the first and most critical year.
Society and economies face the necessity of social, political and, consequently, legal addressing of discrimination based on different personal characteristics, such as gender, race, language, political opinion, national origin, and ethnic and social status. In this regard, it is possible to look at, especially from the conceptual-theoretical, as well as the accompanying applicative aspect, and give a conceptual demarcation of (gender) equality in relation to the institute of women?s inequality as an established vulnerable category in workplaces. For many years throughout history in traditional and patriarchal societies, women had a subordinate position with an emphasis on the dominance of the paternalistic concept of man?s position in the world of work. However, in the last decade, as more is being written, spoken, and more research is being conducted on the subject of discrimination at work, efforts have been made to solve this problem. The latest trends related to the transition to a green economy also aim to promote the importance and necessity of mitigating factual inequality between the sexes with legal measures deriving from the principle of equal opportunities and procedures in employment and work. The subject of this analysis is an overview of gender inequalities in the labour market, Norway, Slovenia and Serbia, which were taken as examples of good practices in the period from 2015 to 2021. The comparison is made with a focus on the current concept of promoting a green economy and sustainable development. The goal of the paper is to determine whether the green economy is a chance to alleviate inequality and increase equality in the labour market, or whether it carries limitations that can hardly be overcome when it comes to the world of work.
Naučna monografija „Tržišna ekonomija i poslovna kultura: Nemačka i Japan” predstavlja sintezu istraživanja koje se odnosi na sličnosti između Nemačke i Japana, njihove poslovne kulture i etike, početka njihovog industrijskog razvoja, načina posleratne obnove koja je usmerena na smanjenje socijalnih nejednakosti. U Nemačkoj i Japanu nacionalni faktori su važni za razumevanje njihove poslovne etike i filozofije rada. Sami proizvodni odnosi u osnovi se zasnivaju na nacionalnoj kulturi, tradiciji i običajima. Obe zemlje imaju tržišni način poslovanja, ekonomski model koji pored tržišne ima i snažnu socijalnu komponentu. Takav model je u literaturi poznat kao „treći put”, jer nije laissez-faire kapitalizam, niti komunistički planski (komandni) način proizvodnje. Model nemačke socijalne tržišne ekonomije ima svoje istaknute teoretičare, a to su Fridrih August fon Hajek, Valter Ojken, Alfred Miler-Armak, Vilhelm Repke i Aleksandar Ristov. Japanski model tržišne ekonomije ima istaknute teoretičare kao što su Fukuzava Ikići, Tokuzo Fukuda, Takata Jasuma, Hiromi Arisava, Nakajama Ićiro, Tohata Seići i Akamacu Kaname. Ekonomska nauka uspeva da prati složene odnose u ekonomiji i da ih uskladi sa intenzivnom globalizacijom i liberalizacijom, međuzavisnošću u svetu, pojavom s jedne strane obespravljenih radnika, a sa druge sve bogatijih slojeva stanovništva. U ovakvoj ekonomskoj situaciji mnoge zemlje proučavaju i slede put nemačke socijalne tržišne ekonomije i put japanskog ekonomskog modela u kojem vlade imaju kontrolu nad društvenim događajima. Jezikom nobelovca Daglasa Norta, zahvaljujući promenama u formalnim i još više u neformalnim institucijama, ove dve zemlje su razvile svoje ekonomije i postale vodeće industrijske sile u svetu.
At the beginning of the XXI century, we are witnessing great changes, caused by crises, conflicts in the world, and epidemics that change our way of life and work. In recent years, digitalization has progressed so much that it has affected the organization of work and contributed to the way many companies operate differently. Rightfully so, people begin to wonder if they can continue to manage their lives or if they will be forced to surrender to the waves of circumstances created "outside". In this context, there was a change in economic diplomacy, which also faced challenges that affected it so its role and its importance increased. As geoeconomics separated from geostrategy, economic diplomacy gained more importance. Today, international economic policy and economic diplomacy have become as important as the classical issues of peace, security, and general prosperity. Economic diplomacy takes place at all levels, at which classical diplomacy also takes place, but it deals exclusively with economic topics, related to competitiveness, profitability, supply of raw materials, and energy. The author starts from the assumption that there have been major changes in international economic relations in the last decade and that they have significantly influenced the importance and improvement of economic diplomacy. The method of description and analysis was used in the work, and the scientific contribution is reflected in the area of strengthening the economic national identity of a country in international economic relations. Furthermore, the obtained conclusions can serve Serbia for better positioning in terms of international concreteness, but also for the advancement of national economic interests. The aim of this paper is to highlight the emerging challenges in economic diplomacy during the last thirty years. Economic diplomacy became an important tool in international business relations, promoting national companies, products, and services, but also many other forms of economic cooperation in the XXI century.
The subject of the undertaken research is the analysis of geopolitical and geoeconomic changes in the multipolar world of the 21st century, which lead to the transformation of the world system. There is an ongoing evolution of the geostrategic position of the United States of America (USA), the rise of China, as well as the division of the world that occurred with the offensive activities of Russia and the expansion of other countries such as India, Brazil, and Saudi Arabia. The goal of the research is to emphasize, in addition to the basic geopolitical component, the importance of the geoeconomic component, as derived, in international relations, which is often less clearly visible in the background of many international conflicts and alliances. The main thesis of the paper is that dominant geostrategic powers such as the USA, China and Russia follow their long-term geopolitical and geoeconomic interests and goals putting them into conflicting or allied relations, which is again responsible for the configuration of power and the relationship between the great powers in the arena of world politics. The paper applies a multidisciplinary combined method that is based on political and economic sciences, and sometimes studies broader geopolitical processes or focuses on a narrower geoeconomic analysis of individual parameters.
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