Aim To retrospectively analyze the rate of multi-type abuse in childhood and the effects of childhood abuse and type of coping strategies on the psychological adaptation of young adults in a sample form the student population of the University of Mostar. MethodsThe study was conducted on a convenience sample of 233 students from the University of Mostar (196 female and 37 male), with a median age of 20 (interquartile range, 2). Exposure to abuse was determined using the Child Maltreatment Scales for Adults, which assesses emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, neglect, and witnessing family violence. Psychological adaptation was explored by the Trauma Symptom Checklist, which assesses anxiety/ depression, sexual problems, trauma symptoms, and somatic symptoms. Strategies of coping with stress were explored by the Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations.Results Multi-type abuse in childhood was experienced by 172 participants (74%) and all types of abuse by 11 (5%) participants. Emotional and physical maltreatment were the most frequent types of abuse and mostly occurred together with other types of abuse. Significant association was found between all types of abuse (r = 0.436-0.778, P < 0.050). Exposure to sexual abuse in childhood and coping strategies were significant predictors of anxiety/depression (R 2 = 0.3553), traumatic symptoms (R 2 = 0.2299), somatic symptoms (R 2 = 0.2173), and sexual problems (R 2 = 0.1550, P < 0.001). ConclusionExposure to multi-type abuse in childhood is a traumatic experience with long-term negative effects. Problem-oriented coping strategies ensure a better psychosocial adaptation than emotion-oriented strategies.
The aim of this review was to provide an overview of research into the relationship between empathy and bullying. Therefore the review indicated a number of researches that show different effects of empathy on bullying, regarding the type of bullying, roles in bullying behavior, as well as gender. From a review of research it may be concluded that empathy significantly contributes to a reduction in various forms of violence. Most research indicates the importance of the affective component of empathy compared to the cognitive component. The results of research into the relationship of empathy and its role in bullying behavior were less consistent. For this reason, the review highlighted methodological difficulties in the study of bullying and empathy. Conclusion -In conclusion it could be said that most studies show a negative correlation between empathy and various types of violence. Furthermore, it is evident that different components of empathy have differing degrees of influence in direct and indirect forms of violent behavior.
Cilj -Ispitati da ü postoje razlike izmedu ucenika u Eysenckovim dimenzijama licnosti u odnosu na njihovu ulogu u vrsnjackom nasilju (zrtve, zlostavljaci, zrtve/zlostavljaci i neukljuceni ispitanici) i spol, Ispitanici i metode -U istrazivanju je sudjelovalo 372 djece u dobi od 10 do 14 godina (prosjecne dobi 12,30 godina, sd=l,64) koja su popunila Upitnik skolskih odnosa (SRQ) i EPQ Junior. Da bi ispitali da li postoje razlike u ispitivanim dimenzijama licnosti s obzirom na uloge u nasilnom ponasanju i spol ispitanika koristili smo jednosmjernu analizu varijance (ANOVA) sa Tukey HSD Post Hoc anaüzom. Rezultati -Na temelju rezultata u Upitniku skolskih odnosa, 57% ispitanika je klasificirano kao sudionici vrsnjackog nasilja -13% kao zlostavljaci, 16% kao zrtve, te 28% kao zrtve/zlostavljaci, Statisticki znacajno visa razina neuroticizma (F(i,325)=9,983, p<0,001) i sklonosti disimulaciji (F(i,33i)=7,270, p<0,05) utvrdena je za djevojcice u odnosu na djecake dok je za djecake utvrdena statisticki znacajno visa razina psihoticizma (F(i,33i)=37,632, p<0,001), Zlostavljaci i zrt\fe/zlostavljaci imali,su visu razinu ekstraverzije (F(3,323)=3,105, p<0,05) dok je za zrtve i zrtv^e/zlostavljace utvrdena visa razina neuroticizma (F(3.325)=20.390, p<0,001) u odnosu na neutrakie ispitanike. Znacajno visa razina psihoticizma (F(3,33i)=13.929, p<0,001) utvrdena je za zrtv^e/zlostavljace u odnosu na zlostavljace, zrtve i neutralne, Zrt\'e su imale statisticki znacajno visu razinu psihoticizma u odnosu na neutralne ispitanike, a zlostavljaci u odnosu na zrtve i neutralne, Statisticki znacajno visa razina sklonosti prema disimulaciji (F(3,33i)=23,916, p<0,001) utvrdena je za neutralne ispitanike u odnosu na zlostavljace i zrtve/zlostavljace, te za zrtve u odnosu na zlostavljace i zrtve/zlostavljace, Zakljucak -Razlike u Eysenckovim dimenzijama licnosti utvrdene su s obzirom na spol i ulogu u v^rsnjackom nasilju. Visa ra-Objective -The aim of the present study was to assess if girls and hoys who are classified as huliies, victims, bully/victim and neutral differ in Eysenck's personality dimensions. Subjects and method -Three hundred and seventy two children, age range 10 to 14 years (mean age 12,3+1,6 years) completed a School Relationship Questionnaire (SRQ) and the Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ Junior), To examine whether there are differences in the studied dimensions of personality with regard to their roles in bullying hehavior and the gender of the respondents, we used one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey HSD Post Hoc analysis. Results -Based on the results of the SRQ, 57% of children were classified as involved in bullying hehavior, either as huliies (13%), victims (16%) or bullies/victims (28%), while 41% were neutral. Girls showed significandy higher levels of neuroticism (F (1.325) = 9,983, p<0,001) and dissimulation tendency (F(i..Mi) = 7,270, p<0,05) than hoys, while hoys showed statistically significandy higher levels of psychoticism (F(i.33i) = 37.632, p<0,001), BuUies and hully/victims had...
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