Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy worldwide. CRC represents 13% of all malignant tumors and it may be expected to overcome the mortality rate of patients with heart diseases in the near future (1, 2). Approximately, one half of the population in Western countries develops a colorectal tumor by the age of 70 (3, 4). However, this type of cancer is more frequent among younger population, due to obesity, bad nutritional habits, smoking and lack of physical activity (5). Colorectal cancer develops as a polyp or adenoma in the intestinal mucosa. Malignant transformation of benign changes depends on its size and histological presentation (1). In previous years, the survival rate of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer increased significantly due to the development and the application of new chemotherapy regimens (6). There are several types of cell deaths, of which two are the main types: apoptosis and necrosis. Apoptosis, a programmed cell death, is character
Application of organic heterocyclic compounds as anti-tumor therapeutics are limited due to therapeutic drawbacks including resistance of tumor cells, nonselectivity of the administered drug towards healthy cells and abundance of unwanted side effects. The aim of our research was to investigate and compare both the antitumor effect and the mechanism of action of newly synthesized, so far untested chalcone analogue on HeLa, HCT-116 cells and healthy human fibroblast lung cell line (MRC-5). The antitumor efficiency of investigated chalcone analogue was compared to the antitumor effects of dehydrozingerone and cysplatin that were used as referent substances. Cytotoxic and apoptotic effect were evaluated using both MTT test and flow cytometry by Annexin V-FITC/7-AAD staining. The results of our investigation indicated that newly synthesized chalcone analogue H5 expressed more powerful antitumor effect compared to the effects of both dehydrozingerone and cisplatin. Cell death was mediated via apoptotic pathway.
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