This research analyses the competitive advantages of road and rail transport through the example of Ukraine transportation market. Spheres of efficient usage of rail and road transport while transporting perishable goods have been studied. The key factors influencing the mode choice, as well as the kinds of cargo that depend on the mode choice have been determined with the help of revealed preference data. A mathematical model of mode choice has been offered. The criterion of the effectiveness of this model is the economical profit of the logistics system 'shippercarrierreceiver'. The advantage of using the suggested model is the possibility of calculating invisible costs while evaluating alternative transport mode, including funds immobilization and cargo loss. The tools in the study are the methods of system analysis, mathematical modelling, regression analysis and expert evaluations. The acquired results can be used while justifying the mode choice and determining the spheres of efficient usage of various modes of transport. It has been determined that the factor for using the rail is the distance longer than 600 km, as the economical profit of the logistics system is higher in this case. At the same time, with distances shorter than 600 km, road transportation is a better choice.
Food product transportation is one of the most problematic tasks considering the specific expectations in the context of the transport conditions. It seems to be a significant challenge for the freight carriers’ decision-makers. The proper organization and management of that process is the basis for the appropriate fulfilment of the needs of customers, related, among others, to the proper quality of delivered products (such as freshness, expiration date, etc.). The additional challenge in this context is the efficient delivery at the city area, taking into account typical city transportation problems, such as congestion, narrow ways, lack of the unloading areas, etc. The role of these tasks is analyzed in this paper, on the basis of the chosen parameters and technologies of the transportation process. The purpose of this paper is to study the rational freight fleet formation in the case of changing the parameters of material flow in time. It was found that with the other unchanged parameters of material flow, the change in ambient temperature affects the technological process of transportation, the type of vehicle for its movement and the structure of the vehicle fleet. Accordingly, the types of vehicles (tent or insulated) necessary for the movement of certain material flows, which require special conditions for their transportation, have been determined, in compliance with the temperature regime and periods of their use. The organization scenarios of the transport service of the studied distribution processes were proposed, taking into consideration the change in conditions for the transportation of material flow, purchase of insulated semitrailers or their rent. The proposed versions were calculated and evaluated under the given conditions, and based on the net present value, the best of the proposed options was found: the purchase of one insulated semi-trailer while hiring the remaining insufficient insulated vehicles.
For any company that sells its products in the networks of city stores, the urgent issue is the optimal delivery of their goods. During routing it is necessary to take into account many restrictions caused by specific conditions of transportation process in the city: number of cargoes, nature of cargoes, delivery time, structure of fleet and its presence, work time of enterprises for load matching, drivers’ working hours, loading capacity, road congestion etc. These days, the process of efficient manual routing is difficult because of many restrictions and delivery points wherein it is almost impossible to take into account the road congestion for specific routes. Today's companies are increasingly interested in outsourcing. One of the options for routes planning for enterprises is to use special software products that allow to plan optimal routes according to the chosen criteria and under specific conditions. The process of formation of routes using the Ant Logistics service, based on the Ant Colony optimization algorithm are analysed in the paper. Comparing the two options of forming routes to serve one of the largest retail chains in Kharkiv with the application of Ant Logistics service, it has been elucidated that the application of Ant Colony algorithm is more optimal than the Clarke-Wright algorithm based on delivery routes indicators.
The existing Master programs in Ukraine are based on separate branches of transport systems. The general approach used was to isolate and hence to study the single elements and to neglect the relationships between them within the whole analysis systems. Therefore, the developed educational modules, based on smart technology and environment (which exploit these neglected relationships) have not yet presented in the current curricula of Ukrainian Master programmes in transport systems. In this context, the paper presents the upgrading process of Master curriculum, designed and implemented in O.M. Beketov National University within the E+-KA2-CHBE Programme. In particular, how the local conditions and needs as well as the results of the international reviews on which the curricula were built are described. Finally, some indications for process transferability are provided.
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