School refusal is an increasing concern in the Nordic countries. In Norway, public recommendations to combat school refusal sometimes include making life at home less desirable, which reflects the notion that children choose to stay at home out of convenience. However, the mechanisms behind absenteeism are not trivial. A largely unaddressed topic is the compatibility of Nordic mainstream schools for students with neurodevelopmental or psychological diagnoses. This paper supports King and Bernstein's definition of school refusal as related mainly to anxiety and emotional discomfort. We ask: Are there school-related differences between different groups of students who struggle with school refusal? The paper discusses the results of a web-based survey that included 256 guardians of children with substantial undocumented school absences. We found school-related differences between students with ADHD, autism, and psychological challenges and students without diagnoses who also struggle with school refusal. Compared to students without a diagnosis, autistic students strived socially more and had higher risk of being without friends at school, and students with ADHD were more exposed to bullying, strived socially more, and fewer of them had good relations to the teachers.

<p class="Toverskrift3" style="margin: 6pt 0cm;"><strong><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: large;">Sammendrag </span></strong></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">Artikkelen er basert p&aring; to studier blant 316 innsatte i syv norske fengsler. Hensikten er &aring; se om det er mulig &aring; finne kj&oslash;nnsforskjeller n&aring;r det gjelder sp&oslash;rsm&aring;l om opplevelse av egen psykisk helse. Funnene indikerer at det ikke er kj&oslash;nnsforskjeller n&aring;r det gjelder sp&oslash;rsm&aring;l om temperament, og &oslash;konomiske, sosiale, og helsemessige problemer knyttet opp mot bruk av rusmidler.</span></span></span></em></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">&nbsp;</span></span></em></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">N&aring;r det gjelder sp&oslash;rsm&aring;l om angst, alvorlig depresjon og selvmordstanker, er det imidlertid store, signifikante kj&oslash;nnsforskjeller. Kvinner sliter i st&oslash;rre grad med angst, alvorlig depresjon og selvmordstanker f&oslash;r soning, og dobbelt s&aring; h&oslash;y andel kvinner som menn har fors&oslash;kt &aring; ta sitt eget liv i denne perioden. Under soningsoppholdet sliter imidlertid dobbelt s&aring; h&oslash;y andel menn som kvinner med selvmordstanker</span></em><span style="mso-ansi-language: NO-BOK;">.</span></span></span></p>

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