The energy transition is a major societal issue to which hydrogen energy can make an important contribution. If the technical aspects of hydrogen energy seem paramount, it is also important to focus on the end users of these future systems. Indeed, users play an important role in the success of energy systems: they may not accept it, they may not use it as intended. But not only, users can also be a source of innovation. Thus, it is possible to mobilize different approaches, which if they are all legitimate, do not have the same efficiency. In this systematic review of the literature, which combines lexical analysis and data analysis of 152 publications, we identify the approaches implemented to take into account users in Hydrogen Energy Systems. Our results indicate that final users are mostly perceived as a barrier to the deployment of Hydrogen Energy Systems, or as a parameter to be assessed rather than as a resource for the design. Researches have mainly the aim of improving technology adoption. Since Hydrogen Energy Systems are emerging, we recommend focusing studies on upstream user research aimed at stimulating and enhancing technologies and systems design. We also recommend increasing the share of study which focus on the case of hydrogen energy stationary applications and buildings.
With the growing emergence of ergonomic intervention aiming at designing future artefacts, needs analysis is extending to the anticipation of future needs.Both precursory users and experts are known for their deep knowledge of the studied field. In this study, we conducted 36 needs anticipation interviews with ordinary users, precursory users and experts, in order to determine the contribution of each profile to the identification of future needs. The lexical and manual analysis of the interviews shows that the precursory users' speech is the most valuable in terms of both richness and novelty. The discourse of the experts is also richer and more original than that of the ordinary users and differs from that of the precursory users: professional-based for the experts and experiencebased for the precursory users. We therefore recommend the inclusion of both experts and precursory users in the need's analysis and anticipation phase.
Cette étude teste l'hypothèse selon laquelle des individus vivant dans des régions de deux pays différents utilisent des enchaînements verbaux distincts pour élaborer un script interlocutoire de première rencontre consécutive à un incident. En utilisant la force illocutoire et le statut de premier locuteur comme variables indépendantes, on montre que des sujets vivant en Lombardie et des sujets vivant en Lorraine ne produisent pas les mêmes enchaînements interlocutoires dans une situation potentiellement conflictuelle. Les premiers préfèrent des suites dans lesquelles un renversement de force illocutoire se produit alors que les autres produisent un script interlocutoire qui donne l'avantage énonciatif à la victime de l'incident. Les résultats sont discutés en référence à l'idée de variation écoculturelle et de différence d'habitus.
Cet article propose une synthèse de la littérature sur l'embarras, émotion complexe et sociale relativement sous-documentée par rapport à d'autres émotions réflexives comme la honte ou la culpabilité. Le premier objectif de cette note théorique consiste, après avoir défini les principales caractéristiques de l'embarras, à proposer une classification des modèles explicatifs de ses causes. Le second objectif vise à recenser et à questionner les effets sociaux de l'embarras éprouvé et exprimé, ainsi que les effets plus directs (motivationnels et physiologiques) sur l'individu embarrassé lui-même. Différents points d'ambivalence sont ainsi mis en lumière, et ce de façon à proposer des perspectives de recherche issues de la psychologie cognitive et sociale.
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