BackgroundTreatment for bacterial vaginosis in pregnant women to reduce risk of spontaneous very preterm birth and late miscarriage remains controversial. We conducted a randomized control trial to determine whether bacterial vaginosis treatment could decrease spontaneous very preterm births and late miscarriages. MethodsThe PREMEVA trial was a multicenter randomized control double-blinded trial performed in 40 French centers. A total of 84,530 pregnant women were screened for bacterial vaginosis before 14 weeks of gestation. Women with bacterial vaginosis in the first trimester of pregnancy were randomly assigned to three similarly sized parallel arms: one four-day course of 600 mg oral clindamycin daily, three four-day courses of 600 mg daily a month apart or placebo. The primary outcome was a composite of late miscarriage (16-21 weeks) or spontaneous very preterm delivery (22-32 weeks) according to clindamycin treatment or placebo. Secondary outcomes included spontaneous preterm delivery before 37 weeks (22-36 weeks). FindingsBetween 04/01/2006 and 06/30/2011, 84,530 pregnant women were screened before 14 weeks of gestation, 5630 (6•7%) had bacterial vaginosis and 2869 were randomized. The primary outcome did not differ significantly between the groups (1•2% in the clindamycin group and 1.0% in the placebo group, relative risk, 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0•53 to 2•32), nor in the rate of spontaneous preterm delivery before 37 weeks (4•8% and 4•1%, respectively; relative risk, 1•17; 95% CI, 0•81 to 1•69). Side effects were more common in the clindamycin group (3•0% vs 1•3%, p=0•003) but not severe. InterpretationSystematic screening and subsequent treatment for bacterial vaginosis in low-risk pregnant women does not decrease late miscarriage, spontaneous very preterm birth, or spontaneous preterm birth.

Siderophore activity of Staphylococcus aureus was detected in an iron-restricted chemically defined medium. The molecular mass of this siderophore, called aureochelin, was 577 Da. Surface-associated proteins of 120, 88, 57, 35, and 33 kDa were mainly expressed under iron restriction conditions. Results showed a relationship between siderophore production and the existence of the 120-and 88-kDa proteins. Western blotting of surface-associated proteins revealed that these proteins were recognized both by patients sera and polyclonal rabbit serum.

Growth kinetics, siderophore activity and iron-regulated bacterial proteins of Acinetobacter baumannii BM2580 were studied in iron-restricted and iron-supplemented chemically defined media. Iron-regulated outer membrane proteins of 75 kDa and 80 kDa were expressed under iron-restricted conditions. Cloning and sequencing of the complete iron-uptake regulatory (fur) gene from A. baumannii BM2580 is reported for the first time. This gene is preceded by a single autoregulated promoter whose -10 region overlaps the Fur binding site. The open reading frame identified encodes a polypeptide consisting of 145 amino acids. The fur gene is followed by a divergent open reading frame coding for the C-terminus of a putative PilU protein. Sequence analysis indicates that the Fur protein of A. baumannii was 63% identical to the Escherichia coli Fur protein.

No abstract

No abstract