Libia iris trejo-téllez 1* We evaluated the effect of separately adding two sources of lanthanum (La), LaCl 3 and La(NO 3) 3 × 6H 2 O at a concentration of 40 µM each, to the preservative solution of 15 cut tulip flower varieties. Ascorbic acid (AsA; 0.2 g/L) was used as a reference solution, while distilled water was used as control. The variety Laura Fygi recorded the longest vase life with 13 days. The highest water consumption per gram of stem fresh biomass weight (FBW) (2.5 mL) was observed in the variety Violet Beauty, whereas the lowest (1.098 mL) was recorded in Pink Impression. At the end of the vase life period, higher concentrations of total soluble sugars in petals and total soluble proteins in leaves were recorded in Latreated stems, compared to the AsA treatment and the control. Additionally, La(NO 3) 3 × 6H 2 o supply increased the fresh weight of stems in vase and prolonged vase life. Moreover, this treatment resulted in the highest foliar concentration of chlorophylls at the end of vase life. Therefore, La increases tulip flower vase life as a consequence of improving the concentrations of some vital biomolecules.
Background: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is one of the greatest advances of the last few decades for the diagnostic and therapeutic approach of gastrointestinal diseases in adults. However, there are limitations to the application of the procedure in the pediatric population. The aim of this study was to describe the diagnostic yield and therapeutic role of EUS in pediatric patients with pancreatobiliary disease. Materials and Methods:A retrospective study was performed on a prospective database of pediatric patients who underwent diagnostic and therapeutic endosonographic procedures. All patients seen in a 12-year period were included.Results: A total of 54 patients were included, including 32 (59.3%) female individuals, with an average age of 16 (9 to 17) years. EUS was abnormal in 46 (85%) patients. Of the abnormal procedures, 4 (7.4%) corresponded to therapeutic ones. The main indication of the study was recurrent acute pancreatitis in 29 (54%). The main endosonographic findings were microlithiasis in 14 (25.9%), chronic pancreatitis in 9 (16.7%), and pancreatic tumors in 6 (11.1%) patients. Follow-up was performed in 31 (57.4%) patients, 19/31 patients underwent surgery, and 4/31 patients had endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. The median follow-up was 910 (2 to 3916) days. In 100% of the patients with follow-up, the initial diagnosis of EUS was confirmed. Conclusion:EUS is a useful and safe tool in the pediatric population with pancreatobiliary diseases.
Se evaluaron las características físicas y químicas del tezontle de dos granulometrías (3 y 5 mm) y su uso en la producción de tulipán (Tulipa gesneriana) cv. Ille de France, tomando como referencia el sustrato comercial ProMix®. El espacio poroso total (67 y 67.9%), el agua fácilmente disponible (2.9 y 2.3%) y la de reserva (1.9 y 1.1%) en el tezontle (3 y 5 mm, respectivamente) resultaron inadecuados para el cultivo de tulipán. El pH fue alcalino en tezontle y ácido en ProMix®; la conductividad eléctrica fue superior en éste último (1.46 dS m-1), pero aún dentro del límite establecido para sustratos. El contenido de N fue bajo en ambos materiales (en tezontles 0.61% y 0.82% en ProMix®); Ca y Mg fueron mayores en el tezontle en 60 y 24.7%, respectivamente; por el contrario, en ProMix®, el K fue cerca de tres veces superior que en tezontles. No se encontró presencia de Na en los tezontles. En plantas crecidas en tezontle de 5 mm se registraron las menores concentraciones foliares de K, Ca y Mg (11.08, 0.8 y 1.55 g kg-1, respectivamente). Las concentraciones foliares de N y P no fueron diferentes entre tratamientos. Por otro lado, las concentraciones foliares de K y Ca en plantas creciendo en tezontle de 3 mm resultaron suficientes; mientras en las establecidas en ProMix® fueron excesivas, y en tezontle de 5 mm fueron deficientes. La concentración foliar de Mg fue baja en plantas establecidas en tezontle. Se concluye que el empleo de tezontle de 3 mm puede ser una alternativa para la producción de tulipán, siempre y cuando la frecuencia de riego se disminuya.
We tested two sources of lanthanum (La), LaCl3 and La(NO3)3 × 6H2O at a concentration of 40 µM each, in the treatment solution of cut flowers of 15 tulip (Tulipa gesneriana L.) cultivars. Ascorbic acid (AsA; 0.2 g/L) was used as a reference solution, while distilled water was evaluated as an absolute control. With both La sources, bud length and diameter, and stem length were increased; as a result, stem curvature was also significantly increased with La treatments. The cultivars Laura Fygi and Rosario registered the highest relative stem elongation. Lalibela and Acropolis displayed the greatest stem curvature on the last day in vase. At 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 days after cutting, the highest solution uptake was recorded in flower stems treated with LaCl3, surpassing the control by 5, 11, 15, 18 and 24%, respectively. The relative stem elongations observed were 21.3, 27.4, 35.2 and 35.5% in the control, AsA, LaCl3 and La(NO3)3, respectively. The mean solution uptake per gram of stem fresh biomass weight was 1.44, 1.44, 1.71 and 1.54 mL in the control, AsA, LaCl3 and La(NO3)3, respectively. LaCl3 significantly increased the bud length and solution uptake of flower stems, while La(NO3)3 × 6H2O increased stem fresh weight.
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