Climate change threatens the very foundations of human health and existence. 1 The planet has warmed more than 1.2°C compared with preindustrial levels, precipitating profound and rapidly worsening health effects on every continent. 2 Despite overwhelming evidence, however, the global response to climate change has been mired in political intransigence and bureaucracy. Health professionals have been increasingly looked to for leadership, and their sustained commitment is dealing with critical gaps in climate science, policy, and advocacy. 2
Introduction: Approximately three billion people in Asia, Africa, and the Americas cook with biomass, cleaner cooking technologies with the potential to reduce household air pollution exposure. It is necessary to assess the adoption and long-term use of these stoves, measure perceived benefits among users, and use this information to provide feedback to programs that are implementing new cooking technologies. The aim of this study is to determine the level of adoption and impact of improved biomass cookstoves in the rural area of Lambayeque, Peru, in 2017. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 52 homes were surveyed in the districts of Pacora and Íllimo where improved biomass stoves were introduced between 2005 and 2013. A questionnaire for the assessment of adoption and impact indexes proposed by the Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves was applied. The STROBE checklist was used. Results: The mean number of years with the improved biomass cookstove was 9.1 (standard deviation: 2.9); 51.9% always used the improved stove, and 34.6% never used it due to destruction during the El Niño phenomenon in 2017. The median impact index was 5.62; 19.2% had a very good/good adoption. The median adoption index was 6.5; 25% had a very high/high impact. The use of the traditional or open fire biomass stove persisted in 61.5% of the houses. Conclusion: The adoption and impact of improved biomass cookstoves were acceptable, but traditional stove use persisted in more than half of the houses. Households used a mix of different stove technologies. Gas stoves were used more frequently for breakfast or dinner, while the traditional biomass stoves were used for larger lunchtime meals.
De manera indirecta los hospitales son fuente de contaminación ambiental por los residuos que emiten, y por los recursos naturales y los productos que utilizan durante la práctica clínica. Es común que utilicen gran cantidad de luz eléctrica y agua, así como los trabajadores no estén concientizados para ahorrar estos recursos o minimizar su uso; por otro lado, surge la necesidad de la gestión adecuada de los residuos sólidos y el manejo de sustancias químicas y tóxicas, pues esto genera deshechos altamente peligrosos para la salud y el medio ambiente. Al respecto el personal de enfermería es talvez el más expuesto a ello, sin embargo, por su formación es el llamado a sensibilizar al personal de salud, para que transformen sus lugares de trabajo en ambientes sanos y seguros. Por lo mencionado, con este ensayo se pretende: reflexionar sobre las repercusiones ambientales que se genera por la atención de la salud, y concientizar al personal de salud para que en su práctica clínica adquieran hábitos como ahorrar la luz eléctrica y el agua, así como manejen adecuadamente los residuos sólidos y las sustancias químicas y tóxicas, de modo que contribuyan a mitigar la contaminación ambiental.
Objetivo: Identificar estudios de enfermería relacionados al cambio climático y la sostenibilidad ambiental en la literatura científica internacional publicada en los últimos diez años. Método: Revisión integrativa de literatura, los datos fueron recogidos en la base de datos PUB MED, PROQUEST, BIREME utilizando como descriptores “Cambio climático”, “Enfermería”, “Desarrollo Sostenible” encontrando 30 artículos. Resultados: Como resultado, emergieron tres dimensiones: Cambio climático y la necesidad de incorporación en los planes de estudio de Enfermería, Medidas de adaptación y mitigación ante el cambio climático, Efectos en la salud y desastres provocados por el cambio climático. Conclusión: El cambio climático es el problema ambiental más grave, la necesidad de abordarlo en cuanto a sus efectos en la salud, atención de desastres, además de medidas de mitigación buscando la sostenibilidad ambiental es impostergable para enfermería.
El presente trabajo se desarrolló a través de una revisión bibliográfica de ensayos y artículos científicos, con la finalidad de demostrar que la bioética personalista desde sus inicios ha estado comprometida a promover la salud y el bien común, lo cual se ve reflejado también en la vigilancia del equilibrio de los ecosistemas. Así, ante la problemática ambiental actual no ha sido indiferente y se resalta el aporte en tres áreas: justicia ambiental, ecopedagogía y cambio climático. Asimismo, el personalismo tiene claro el compromiso con la naturaleza, porque el medio físico es donde vive la persona y del que vive para satisfacer sus necesidades. Por lo cual debe aprovechar el ambiente con cuidado y responsabilidad. Ante ello la ecología con la bioética personalista son un enfoque necesario para una sociedad consumista. Gracias a la interdisciplinariedad de la bioética personalista se pueden abordar los conflictos ambientales de manera íntegra, identificando, además de los agentes involucrados, situaciones de inequidad ambiental con relación a algunas personas, permitiendo asumir una responsabilidad a favor de la justicia ambiental. Asimismo, ha contribuido al cambio de actitudes a través de la concientización de problemas ambientales como el cambio climático y a través de la educación ambiental o ecopedagogía en estudiantes universitarios, por ese motivo es de suma importancia que esté en todos los niveles de educación desde la básica hasta la universitaria con la finalidad de promover el desarrollo de una cultura ambiental a favor del entorno natural
Background: Decreasing emissions of the global healthcare sector will be an important tool for decreasing the magnitude of climate change. The environmental practices of nurses can have a positive environmental impact. The purpose of this study is to identify environmental practices performed by nurses while at work and home along with their associated factors. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional descriptive study conducted by surveying nurses from two public hospitals in Lambayeque, Peru. We utilized the Nurses’ Environmental Awareness Tool to collect information about nurses’ knowledge on environmental impacts, their risk to health, and environmental behaviors at both work and home. Results: Of the 106 participants who responded, the average age was 41 years, and 29 (28%) worked in surgical services. A little more than half of nurses reported appropriate energy use (51%) and recycling (53%) at work, while 94 (89%) implemented environmental biosafety. There was an observed association between age and years of employment with appropriate energy use, recycling, implementation of environmental biosafety, appropriate chemical substance use, and preventing medication waste. Conclusion: Nurses reported a favorable tendency toward adequate environmental practices at work and at home. However, more studies are needed to identify the factors that increase nurses’ use of these practices. Applications to Practice: As one of the most trusted professions, professional nurses have an opportunity to play a pivotal role in promoting environmental health and practices in both the workplace and their personal lives. This study highlights areas of potential intervention in the workplace to develop and promote appropriate environmental practices by nurses to decrease pollution by the healthcare sector.
The pandemic has significantly affected the tourism sector worldwide; however, craftswomen are a vulnerable group that has been affected economically by this crisis. This research evaluated the level of compliance with preventive measures before and after carrying out the virtual educational intervention for craftswomen working with native cotton in the Lambayeque Region, Peru. The methodology applied was a pilot study, quasi-experimental, without a control group. The population consisted of 30 craftswomen from the populated areas of La Raya–Túcume, Pómac III-Pitipo and Jotoro-Jayanca. SPSS Statistics v25 was used for data processing. The χ2 test was used in order to evaluate the variation before and after the intervention. The correlational findings demonstrate that after applying the virtual educational intervention, it is sufficient to apply specific measures in the first (before) and second stage (during) to obtain a higher result in compliance with the general level of the regulations against COVID-19. It is concluded that the virtual educational intervention for the craftswomen has generated awareness, impacting the care of their personal health, their family and their community, as well as being prepared for the reactivation of tourism.
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