No abstract

No abstract

Objetivos. Determinar la prevalencia de hipertensión arterial y factores de riesgo cardiovascular (FRC) en una población rural expuesta al arsénico (As) en el agua de consumo en la provincia de Tucumán, Argentina. Materiales y métodos. Participaron 352 habitantes adultos. Se midió el consumo de arsénico en agua de bebida y se evaluó la presión arterial, el tabaquismo, el consumo de alcohol de riesgo y perjudicial, la ingesta de sal, la actividad física, el índice de masa corporal, la glucemia y la dislipidemia. El riesgo cardiovascular fue calculado usando el score de Framingham. Resultados. Se dividió la población en Grupo Expuesto (GE) n=90 y Grupo No Expuesto (GNE) n=262. La prevalencia de hipertensión fue 48,9 y 51,1%; tabaquismo 31,1 y 39,7%; consumo de alcohol de riesgo 22,2 y 17,9%; perjudicial 36,6 y 36,6%; ingesta de sal 100 y 100%; actividad física 16,7 y 18,7%; sobrepeso 43,3 y 43,9%; obesidad 25,5 y 25,6%; diabetes 24,4 y 32,8%; y dislipidemia 58,9 y 66,4%. El score de riesgo bajo, moderado o alto fue 50; 21,1; y 28,9% para GE, y 54,6; 19,1 y 26,3% para GNE, respectivamente. Conclusiones. La exposición al As no afecta la prevalencia de FRC. Se identifica una población rural en situación de vulnerabilidad con elevados FRC. La Encuesta Nacional de Factores de Riesgo no refleja lo que ocurre en zonas rurales. La escala de Framingham concuerda con los FRC encontrados. Se requiere la implementación de políticas de promoción de salud que permita mejorar el pronóstico de sufrir eventos cardiovasculares a corto y mediano plazo.

Background: Metabolic disorders are a public health problem worldwide. The vitamin D status in patients with metabolic diseases is not a routine procedure. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and examine the correlation between vitamin D status and cardiometabolic parameters in Latin American population with metabolic disorders.Methods: This observational study with a cross-sectional design included 151 patients with metabolic disorders (type 2 diabetes, hypothyroidism, type 2 diabetes with hypothyroidism, and excess weight). A fasting blood sample was collected and analyzed to determine the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, calcium, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, thyroid-stimulating hormone, and free thyroxine. Anthropometric and blood pressure measurements were also performed.Results: According to vitamin D values established by the Institute of Medicine, subjects with metabolic disorders group showed: 23% risk to bone health (9.42 ± 3.04 ng/mL), 45% risk of insufficiency/deficiency (17.05 ± 2.12 ng/mL), and 32% had sufficient levels (26.34 ± 6.74 ng/mL), whereas healthy subjects group showed significantly higher values than metabolic diseases group (37.25 ± 7.72). In addition, vitamin D levels were inversely correlated with elevated body mass index (29.13 ± 5.15 kg/m 2 ), systolic blood pressure (126.50 ± 15.60 mm Hg), fast blood glucose (106.29 ± 33.80 mg/dL), and hemoglobin A1c (6.40% ± 1.38%) values.Conclusion: Subjects with metabolic disorders and with adequate nutritional intake of vitamin DÀrich foods and frequent exposure to sunlight have low serum vitamin D concentrations compared to the general population and vitamin D status should be assessed in these patients.

Hyperglycemia is one of the factors responsible for the molecular alterations that modify hemostasis. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of circulating molecules that have a prothrombotic impact on the child and adolescent population with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Methods: There were 35 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (11.0±2.5 years of age and a median 3.7±2.0 years of the disease) with no vascular complications and 20 healthy controls with similar age, sex, and body mass index included in the study. The evaluated parameters were fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), von Willebrand factor antigen, and standard coagulation tests (platelet count, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time). Glycemic control was evaluated by hemoglobin A1c and fasting blood glucose tests, and the presence of retinopathy and nephropathy was ruled out. The data obtained were analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 20.0 and expressed as mean±standard deviation. The Pearson correlation coefficient was applied to investigate correlations between variables. Results: Diabetic patients showed significantly higher levels of fibrinogen (308±66 mg/dL vs. 246±18 mg/dL, P=0.0001), PAI-1 (41.6±12 ng/mL vs. 11.7±1.0 ng/ mL, P=0.0001), and von Willebrand factor antigen (284%±55% vs. 121%±19%, P=0.0001). However, standard coagulation tests did not show differences between the 2 groups. PAI-1 was correlated with glycemia, hemoglobin A1c, fibrinogen, and von Willebrand factor antigen. Conclusion: Elevated levels of fibrinogen, PAI-1, and von Willebrand factor antigen were found in the pediatric and adolescent population with type 1 diabetes mellitus, which suggests a prothrombotic state.

No abstract

Introducción: la hiperglucemia contribuye a cambios moleculares que alteran la hemostasia.Objetivos: determinar moléculas circulantes que indiquen la presencia de un estado protrombótico en una población infanto juvenil con diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1), sin manifestación clínica de enfermedad vascular, y compararla con una población control.Pacientes y métodos: se estudiaron 35 pacientes con DM1, de 11,0±2,5 años de edad y 3,7±2,0 años de evolución de la enfermedad, sin complicaciones vasculares y 20 controles sanos de edad, sexo e IMC semejantes. Se determinaron: fibrinógeno (Fg), inhibidor del activador del plasminógeno 1 (PAI-1), antígeno del factor von Willebrand (FvW:Ag), ligando CD40 soluble (sCD40L) y pruebas globales de coagulación como recuento de plaquetas, tiempo de protrombina (TP) y tiempo de tromboplastina parcial activado (APTT). El control glucémico se evaluó mediante glucemia en ayunas y A1c, y se descartó la presencia de retinopatía y nefropatía.

Evaluation of salivary protein patterns among a rural population exposed and non-exposed to arsenic-contaminated drinking water in areas of Tucumán (Argentina): a pilot study Arsenic contamination in the environment and groundwater is a major global public health problem. Several researchers suggest that the toxicity of arsenic could be related to oral cancer development, usually resulting from potentially malignant lesions. During pathological processes, salivary proteins suffer modifications, which could lead to the discovery of new biomarkers. Objective: To analyze the protein profile in human saliva samples from a rural population exposed to high levels of arsenic in drinking water and its association with potentially malignant lesions. Methodology: This observational, analytic and cross-sectional design included 121 patients from the state of Graneros (Tucumán, Argentina). Arsenic concentration in drinking water was determined and, according to the values obtained, individuals were divided into 2 groups: exposed group and non-exposed group. Saliva samples were obtained, and total protein concentration was measured by Bradford method. Finally, Laemmli SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was conducted to obtain the protein profile. Results: Total protein concentration in saliva was lower in the exposed group than in the non-exposed group. Average areas of 20 and 42 KDa bands were significantly lower in exposed group than non-exposed group. Conclusion: Chronic intake of high arsenic concentrations in drinking water produces changes in the salivary protein profile, which is associated with the presence of potentially malignant lesions.