A silver-containing hybrid material is reported as an effective heterogeneous catalyst for the direct synthesis of organic nitriles from terminal alkynes.
An efficient self-supported
Cu(II)Bi(III) bimetallic catalyst with
a layered structure was designed and developed. By careful characterization
of the as-prepared material, the host structure was identified to
exhibit a Sillen-type bismutite framework, with copper(II) ions being
loaded as guests. The heterogeneous catalyst enabled C–N and
C–S arylations under mild reaction conditions and with high
chemoselectivities, thus furnishing valuable phenothiazines
via
heterocyclization with wide substrate tolerance. As
corroborated by detailed catalytic studies, the cooperative, bifunctional
catalyst, bearing Lewis acid sites along with copper(II) catalytic
sites, facilitated an intriguing concerted C–N/C–S heterocyclization
mechanism. The heterogeneous nature of the catalytic reactions was
verified experimentally. Importantly, the catalyst was successfully
recycled and reused multiple times, persevering its original structural
order as well as its initial activity.
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